Incidence and Distribution of Important Viral Pathogens in Some Iranian Potato Fields

Pourrahim, Reza; Farzadfar, Shirin; Golnaraghi, A. R.; Ahoonmanesh, A.

doi:10.1094/pdis-91-5-0609

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…PVX in Iran has previously been detected using serological assays [11,20], however, there is limited information on PVX variants/genotypes at a molecular level. The only Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and field survey of Iranian potato virus X isolates

et al. 2014

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Six hundred and one symptomatic potato samples were collected from nine provinces in Iran. Screening by double-antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay using a potato virus X (PVX) together with a few potyviruses polyclonal antibodies, produced positive reactions in 4.3 % of samples against PVX. Based on symptoms on different test plant, the isolates were divided into two groups: the first groups causing blistering and malformation of leaves and the second showed mild mosaic and vein clearing in Nicotiana glutinosa. The almost complete nucleotide sequence of two isolates as a representative of severe and a mild isolates were determined. Genomes of two PVX Iranian isolates are identical to that of the most PVX isolates comprise 6435 nucleotides in length excluding 101 nucleotide in the 5 0 end of the genome and shares 94.8-96.7 % identities with European and Asian, and 77-96.1 % with American isolates. Furthermore, the 3 0 -terminal sequences, including the coat protein coding region of other 13 Iranian isolates were determined and compared with the GenBank sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of the cp gene of 13 Iranian isolates together all those available in public databases indicated that the 13 Iranian isolates all belong to low diversity clade I.

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“…PVX in Iran has previously been detected using serological assays [11,20], however, there is limited information on PVX variants/genotypes at a molecular level. The only Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and field survey of Iranian potato virus X isolates

et al. 2014

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“…This study was, however, done from leaf samples rather than tuber samples, which could underestimate final tuber infection levels, especially when samples are taken earlier in the season. An extensive survey in Iran showed an average of 52% mixed infection rates in a similar leaf sample survey (Pourrahim et al 2007). The results from the survey confirm observations of potato scientists in Kenya, that potato virus diseases are typically visible on between 20% and 80% of potato plants in ordinary potato fields (non-published field observations).…”

Section: Potato Disease Levelsmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Description of Seed Potato Systems in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia

et al. 2009

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Seed potato systems in East Africa are described and opportunities for improvement identified on the basis of interviews with potato producers in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia, and an assessment of Ralstonia solanacearum and virus disease levels in Kenya. 3% of seed potato sold in Kenyan markets was virus free. Ralstonia solanacearum was found in 74% of potato farms. Less than 5% of the farmers interviewed source seed potato from specialized seed growers. Over 50% rely entirely on farm-saved seed. Current seed potato prices justify this behavior. To improve the system the local and specialized chain need to be tackled simultaneously. To improve the local chain ware potato farmers require training on seed quality maintenance and managing bacterial wilt and viruses. Research into virus resistance and the effect of mixed virus infection on yield deserves attention. Private investment in seed potato production could increase volumes produced and reduce prices.Resumen Se describen sistemas de semillas de papa en África del Este y se identifican oportunidades de mejora basándose en entrevistas con productores de papas en Kenia, Uganda y Etiopía y una evaluación de los niveles de las enfermedades causadas por Ralstonia solanacearum y virus en Kenia. El 3% de la semilla de papa vendido en los mercados de Kenia estaba libre de virus. Se encontró Ralstonia solanacearum en 74% de las explotaciones agrarias de papa. Menos del 5% de los agricultores entrevistados obtienen semillas de papa de agricultores especializados en semillas. Más del 50% dependen totalmente de las semillas almacenadas en la explotación agraria. Los precios actuales de semilla de papa justifican este comportamiento. Para mejorar el sistema, se debe abordar simultáneamente tanto la cadena local y la especializada. Para mejorar la cadena local, los agricultores de papa para consumo humano necesitan capacitación sobre el mantenimiento de la calidad de la semilla y manejo de la marchités bacteriana y virus. La investigación sobre resistencia a los virus y el efecto de la infección de mezcla de virus sobre el rendimiento merece atención. La inversión privada en la producción de semilla de papa podría aumentar los volúmenes de producción y reducir los precios.

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“…Viral diseases are the major cause of poor seed quality and low yield. PVY is reported to be one of the most detrimental potato viruses responsible for the major yield losses in Iran [48]. PVY is the type-specific of genus Potyvirus in the family Potyviridae [57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of potato virus Y isolates from Iran

et al. 2010

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A survey of Potato virus Y (PVY) was conducted in cultivated fields in six Iranian provinces between January 2005 to July 2007. Two hundred samples from potato and tomato were collected and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for potyviruses. Almost one fourth of the samples were found to be infected by PVY. Analysis of these PVY-positive samples using three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) facilitating the simultaneous detection of three main strains namely the ordinary (PVY(O)), strain (PVY(N)) and C (PVY(C)) strains. However, the fourth strain (PVY(NTN)) and some others recombinant isolates were also identified by molecular methods. Host range and symptoms analysis using sap inoculation of four different strains of PVY onto a range of plants revealed that the four strains showed biological properties that seemed to be consistent with their molecular grouping. Fourteen isolates of PVY were chosen based on the host and geographical location, primer specificity and serology for further biological and molecular characterisation. The coat protein (CP) and P1 genes and 3'-non-translated region (3'NTR) from 14 representative isolates were sequenced and analysed with the sequences available in GenBank. Composite analysis of the P1, CP and 3'-UTR sequences with all full genome sequences of PVY revealed that there are three potential strains of PVY in Iran, PVY(O), PVY(N)-W and PVY(NTN). Isolate KER.SA(N) was the most divergent of all the 14 isolates reacted with PVY(N) specific MAbs but grouped with PVY(O) strains in maximum likelihood phylogentic analysis. The PVY(NTN) isolates from Iran more closely related to the European than North American PVY(NTN) isolates.

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Incidence and Distribution of Important Viral Pathogens in Some Iranian Potato Fields

Cited by 46 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular characterization and field survey of Iranian potato virus X isolates

Molecular characterization and field survey of Iranian potato virus X isolates

A Description of Seed Potato Systems in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia

Characterisation of potato virus Y isolates from Iran

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