Inappropriate Use of Antimicrobials for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly Patients: Patient- and Community-Related Implications and Possible Interventions

Heijl, Inger van; Schweitzer, Valentijn; Zhang, Lufang; Linden, Paul D. van der; Werkhoven, Cornelis H. van; Postma, Douwe F.

doi:10.1007/s40266-018-0541-7

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…These alterations induce a basal systemic inflammatory state, or “inflammaging” ( 110 ), and are associated with an augmented susceptibility to viral infection ( 111 ). High morbidity and mortality are observed in elderly patients with infections, especially those of the respiratory tract ( 112–114 ). This situation could be prevented through vaccination; however, vaccine efficacy in this population is greatly reduced in comparison to that in younger adults ( 115–119 ).…”

Section: Aging and Nutrition And Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Nutritional Status: The Missing Link?

Silvério

Gonçalves

Andrade

et al. 2021

Advances in Nutrition

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease that has reached pandemic status by rapidly spreading worldwide. Elderly individuals and patients with comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension show a higher risk of hospitalization, severe disease, and mortality by acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. These patients frequently show exacerbated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines associated with an overreaction of the immune system, the so-called cytokine storm. Host nutritional status plays a pivotal role in the outcome of a variety of different infectious diseases. It is known that the immune system is highly affected by malnutrition, leading to decreased immune responses with consequent augmented risk of infection and disease severity. Body composition, especially low lean mass and high adiposity, has consistently been linked to worsened prognosis in many different diseases. In this review, evidence concerning the impact of nutritional status on viral infection outcomes is discussed.

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Section: Aging and Nutrition And Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Nutritional Status: The Missing Link?

Silvério

Gonçalves

Andrade

et al. 2021

Advances in Nutrition

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“…Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is accelerated upon misuse and overuse of antimicrobial agents [ 2 ]. Many reports from different parts of the world indicated a high prevalence of inappropriate or incorrect use of antibiotics both in hospitals and in primary healthcare centers [ 3 – 8 ]. The Global Action Plan (GAP) on AMR, endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015, considered the optimization of antimicrobial use as one of the important strategic objectives that should be included in developing national action plans to combat AMR [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed literature on antimicrobial stewardship from 1990 to 2019

Sweileh

2021

Global Health

127

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Background The World Health Organization recommended the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in the clinical settings to minimize the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The current study aimed to assess global research activity on AMS as one measure for efforts dedicated to contain AMR. Method A bibliometric method was applied using Scopus. A validated search query was implemented. Bibliometric indicators and mapping were generated. The study period was from 1990 to 2019. The search query utilized the keywords “antimicrobial stewardship” or “antibiotic stewardship” in the titles or abstracts. In addition, documents with the term “restrict” or “restriction” if used with the terms “antimicrobial” or “antibiotic” were retrieved. Results The search query returned 4402 documents. The keyword “antimicrobial stewardship” returned 2849 documents while the keyword “antibiotic stewardship” returned 1718 documents. The terms restrict/restriction and antimicrobial/antibiotics returned 209 documents. The number of publications and cumulative citations showed a steep and parallel increase in the last decade. The region of the Americas returned the most while the Eastern Mediterranean region returned the least. The United States (n = 1834, 41.7%) ranked first. Main research themes in the retrieved literature were the (1) impact of AMS on hospital length stay, (2) role of pharmacists, and (3) development of resistance of various pathogens. Clostridium difficile (n = 94) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 76) were among the most frequently encountered author keywords. The Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology journal ranked first (n = 245, 5.6%, h-index = 134) while documents published in the Clinical Infectious Diseases journal (h-index = 321) received the highest number of citations per document (70.7). At the institutional level, the US Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (n = 93, 2.1%) ranked first followed by the Imperial College London (n = 86, 2.0%). The main funding sponsors were the National Institute of Health. Pfizer, Merck, and Bayer pharmaceutical companies played a key role in funding AMS research. International research collaboration between developed (n = 3693, 83.9%) and developing countries (n = 759, 17.2%). Conclusion The fight against AMR is a global responsibility and implementation of AMS need to be carried out across the globe. International research collaboration between developing and developed countries should be encouraged.

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“…3 One fifth of the total population in Europe is more than 65 years of age and that proportion may increase up to 25% in 2030. 4 The incidence of RTIs is higher in elderly individuals as compared with young ones, 5,6 as the susceptibility to infections increases with increase in age. 7–9 The mortality rate in individuals over 65 years of age increases approximately 6–7% with the presence of RTIs 10 because of other co-morbidities, weak immune system and poor response to respiratory vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 With presence of other co-morbidities and/or polypharmacy, occurrence of adverse drug reactions and drug–drug interactions also reduces the treatment outcomes of RTIs among elderly individuals. 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory-tract infections among geriatrics: prevalence and factors associated with the treatment outcomes

Ali

Hassali

Zainal

et al. 2021

Ther Adv Respir Dis

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Background: Geriatric individuals are more susceptible to different infections, especially respiratory-tract infections (RTIs) due to their compromised immune system. Hence, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence, medication regimen complexity and factors associated with the treatment outcomes of different RTIs among geriatrics. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study (5 years) was conducted at the respiratory department, Hospital Pulau Pinang. Patients aged ⩾65 years with confirmed diagnosis of RTI were included in the study. Results: A total of 474 patients were included, and the most prevalent RTIs were community-acquired pneumonia (65.6%) followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20.7%), bronchitis (8.2%) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (5.5%). Amoxicillin/clavulanate (69.8%), ampicillin/sulbactam (9.1%) and cefuroxime (6.5%) are the most common antibiotics prescribed to treat RTIs among geriatrics. Smoking, alcohol consumption, polypharmacy and presence of other co-morbidities are statistically significant factors associated with treatment outcomes of RTIs among geriatrics. Conclusion: Prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia (65.6%) among older patients aged 65 years and older higher than other RTIs. Smoking, alcohol use, presence of polypharmacy and other co-morbidities are important factors associated with the treatment outcomes of RTIs. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

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Inappropriate Use of Antimicrobials for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly Patients: Patient- and Community-Related Implications and Possible Interventions

Cited by 7 publications

References 95 publications

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Nutritional Status: The Missing Link?

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Nutritional Status: The Missing Link?

Bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed literature on antimicrobial stewardship from 1990 to 2019

Respiratory-tract infections among geriatrics: prevalence and factors associated with the treatment outcomes

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