Inadvertent Localized Intensification of Precipitation by Aircraft

Moisseev, Dmitri; Lautaportti, Susanna; Alku, Laura; Tabakova, Ksenia; O’Connor, Ewan; Leskinen, Matti; Kulmala, Markku

doi:10.1029/2018jd029449

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is in line with the previous finding that the enhanced K dp is indicative of intense precipitation (Bechini et al, 2013). When PR is greater than 1 mm h −1 , the enhanced K dp starts at around 3000 m above the ML with the expected temperature of around −20 • C, which is related to the dendritic growth region (Bechini et al, 2013;Moisseev et al, 2015). Overall, these observations indicate that the dependence of ML properties on the dual-polarization signatures above may mainly be due to the correlation of these signatures with precipitation intensity.…”

Section: Weather Radar Measurementssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Mason et al (2018) have incorporated the Doppler velocity and radar reflectivity observations from vertically pointing Ka-and W-band radars into an optimal estimation scheme to infer the riming fraction, among other parameters. In addition to multifrequency radar observations, dual-polarization radar measurements show promise in improving our understanding of ice precipitation processes (e.g., Bechini et al, 2013;Giangrande et al, 2016;Kumjian et al, 2016;Ryzhkov et al, 2016;Moisseev et al, 2015Moisseev et al, , 2017Li et al, 2018;Oue et al, 2018;Vogel and Fabry, 2018;Moisseev et al, 2019;Tiira and Moisseev, 2020). Therefore, the utilization of collocated multifrequency and dual-polarization radar observations may pave the way for a better understanding of the connection between dry and melting snow microphysics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed properties of ice particles are complex as manifested by the extraordinary variety in their habit, size, mass and concentration (Korolev et al, 2000(Korolev et al, , 2003Bailey and Hallett, 2009). This complexity is exacerbated by the diversity of ice growth processes that take place in ice clouds (Li et al, 2018;Oue et al, 2018;Barrett et al, 2019;Moisseev et al, 2015Moisseev et al, , 2017Moisseev et al, , 2019Tiira and Moisseev, 2020). Despite the recent attempts to resolve the ice microphysics (e.g., Mason et al, 2018Mason et al, , 2019Barrett et al, 2019), direct characterization of ice particles and their growth processes is still challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Towards the connection between snow microphysics and melting layer: insights from multifrequency and dual-polarization radar observations during BAECC

Tiira

Lerber

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In stratiform rainfall, the melting layer (ML) is often visible in radar observations as an enhanced reflectivity band, the so-called bright band. Despite the ongoing debate on the exact microphysical processes taking place in the ML and on how they translate into radar measurements, both model simulations and observations indicate that the radar-measured ML properties are influenced by snow microphysical processes that take place above it. There is still, however, a lack of comprehensive observations to link the two. To advance our knowledge of precipitation formation in ice clouds and provide new insights into radar signatures of snow growth processes, we have investigated this link. This study is divided into two parts. Firstly, surface-based snowfall measurements are used to develop a new method for identifying rimed and unrimed snow from X- and Ka-band Doppler radar observations. Secondly, this classification is used in combination with multifrequency and dual-polarization radar observations collected during the Biogenic Aerosols – Effects on Clouds and Climate (BAECC) experiment in 2014 to investigate the impact of precipitation intensity, aggregation, riming and dendritic growth on the ML properties. The results show that the radar-observed ML properties are highly related to the precipitation intensity. The previously reported bright band “sagging” is mainly connected to the increase in precipitation intensity. Ice particle riming plays a secondary role. In moderate to heavy rainfall, riming may cause additional bright band sagging, while in light precipitation the sagging is associated with unrimed snow. The correlation between ML properties and dual-polarization radar signatures in the snow region above appears to be arising through the connection of the radar signatures and ML properties to the precipitation intensity. In addition to advancing our knowledge of the link between ML properties and snow processes, the presented analysis demonstrates how multifrequency Doppler radar observations can be used to get a more detailed view of cloud processes and establish a link to precipitation formation.

show abstract

Section: Weather Radar Measurementssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Towards the connection between snow microphysics and melting layer: insights from multifrequency and dual-polarization radar observations during BAECC

Tiira

Lerber

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These include possible meteorological variations as well as aerodynamic effects from the aircraft used for seeding, which we do not account for in our simulations. The latter has been studied in the context of ice and mixed-phase clouds (Kärcher, 2018;Moisseev et al, 2019), but in terms of warm cloud seeding, a dedicated study would be required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation enhancement in stratocumulus clouds through airbourne seeding: sensitivity analysis by UCLALES–SALSA

Tonttila¹,

Afzalifar²,

Kokkola³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Artificial enhancement of precipitation via hygroscopic cloud seeding is investigated with a numerical large-eddy simulation model coupled with a spectral aerosol-cloud microphysics module. We focus our investigation on marine stratocumulus clouds and evaluate our model results by comparing them with recently published results from field observations. Creating multiple realizations of a single cloud event with the model provides a robust method to detect and attribute the seeding effects, which reinforces the analysis based on experimental data. Owing to the detailed representation of aerosol-cloud interactions, our model successfully reproduces the microphysical signatures attributed to the seeding, that were also seen in the observations. Moreover, the model simulations show up to a 2–3 fold increase in the precipitation flux due to the seeding, depending on the seeding rate and injection strategy. However, our simulations suggest that a relatively high seeding particle emission rate is needed for a substantial increase in the precipitation yield, as compared with the estimated seeding concentrations from the field campaign. In practical applications, the seeding aerosol is often produced by flare burning. It is speculated, that the required amount of large seeding particles suggested by our results could pose a technical challenge to the flare-based approach.

show abstract

“…CC BY 4.0 License. Moisseev et al, 2019;Tiira and Moisseev, 2020). Therefore, the utilization of collocated multi-frequency and dual-polarization radar observations may pave the way for a better understanding of the connection between dry and melting snow microphysics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the connection between snow microphysics and melting layer: Insights from multi-frequency and dual-polarization radar observations during BAECC

Li¹,

Tiira²,

Lerber³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In stratiform rainfall, the melting layer is often visible in radar observations as an enhanced reflectivity band, the so-called bright band. Despite the ongoing debate on the exact microphysical processes taking place in the melting layer and on how they translate into radar measurements, both model simulations and observations indicate that the radar-measured melting layer properties are influenced by snow microphysical processes that take place above it. There is still, however, a lack of comprehensive observations to link the two. To advance our knowledge of precipitation formation in ice clouds and provide an additional constraint on the retrieval of ice cloud microphysical properties, we have investigated this link. This study is divided into two parts. Firstly, surface-based snowfall measurements are used to devise a method for classifying rimed and unrimed snow from X- and Ka-band Doppler radar observations. In the second part, this classification is used in combination with multi-frequency and dual-polarization radar observations to investigate the impact of precipitation intensity, aggregation, riming, and dendritic growth on melting layer properties. The radar-observed melting layer characteristics show strong dependence on precipitation intensity as well as detectable differences between unrimed and rimed snow. This study is based on the data collected during the Biogenic Aerosols – Effects on Clouds and Climate (BAECC) experiment, that took place in 2014 in Hyytiala, Finland.

show abstract

Inadvertent Localized Intensification of Precipitation by Aircraft

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Towards the connection between snow microphysics and melting layer: insights from multifrequency and dual-polarization radar observations during BAECC

Towards the connection between snow microphysics and melting layer: insights from multifrequency and dual-polarization radar observations during BAECC

Precipitation enhancement in stratocumulus clouds through airbourne seeding: sensitivity analysis by UCLALES–SALSA

Towards the connection between snow microphysics and melting layer: Insights from multi-frequency and dual-polarization radar observations during BAECC

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About