Inadequacies in the habitual nutrient intakes of patients with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

BackgroundDietary factors are important environmental factors associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS). The objective of this study was to assess the habitual nutrient intakes of patients with MS.MethodsA cross-sectional study included 103 patients (82 % women) with MS seen at the endocrinology outpatient clinic of Hospital Universitario Onofre Lopes. Habitual nutrient intake data were collected at two 24-h dietary recalls. Macronutrient intake adequacies were classified according to the I Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake was estimated using the estimated average requirements (EAR) cut-point method after adjusting for intra- and interpersonal variances and energy.ResultsThe mean energy intake of the included patients was 1523.0 ± 592.2 kcal/d, higher in men (1884.0 vs. 1441.5 kcal/d in women; p = 0.003). The recommended percentage protein intake was exceeded in both women and men (18 % in women and 19 % in men). Although men consumed more fiber (18.8 vs. 13.3 g/d in women; p = 0.011), their intake was still inadequate. Women consumed more fat (47.6 vs. 41.3 g/d in men; p = 0.007). The prevalence of inadequate vitamin D and calcium intakes exceeded 80 % in both men and women and across all age groups. The same was observed for magnesium in men and women aged more than 30 years. The prevalence of inadequate vitamin E, riboflavin, and zinc intakes in men ranged from 50 to 75 %. The prevalence of inadequate vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamin, vitamin B6, copper, and selenium intakes in men and women was less than 50 %.ConclusionsPatients with MS had high protein intake, low fiber intake, and high a prevalence of inadequate vitamin D, magnesium, and calcium intakes.

Predictors of 25-hydroxyvitamin D status among individuals with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study

“…The prevalence of inadequate micronutrient and macronutrient intakes was assessed previously in participants of the current study showing that 100, and 99% of the participants had inadequate vitamin D, and calcium intakes, respectively [ 41 ]. Therefore, evidently diet was not a significant external source of vitamin D that contributed to the variation in 25OHD concentration, according to the seasons.…”

Dietary Fat Intake and Metabolic Syndrome in Older Adults

“…Eating patterns and their food and nutrient characteristics are the primary emphasis of the recommendations of U.S. Dietary Guidelines 2015–2020 [10]. Accordingly, therehas been a focus on the roles of macronutrients (carbohydrates, fat, and proteins) [11,12,13,14,15,16,17] and dietary patterns [7,18,19,20] on MetS.…”

Consumo De Sódio Em Indivíduos Com Síndrome Metabólica: Um Estudo Baseado No Teor De Sódio Da Dieta E Alimentos-Fonte

“…A associação entre comorbidades encontradas evidencia a tendência da característica de agrupamento dos fatores de risco da síndrome metabólica, especialmente em relação a indivíduos que já convivem com alguma doença crônica não transmissível. 28 Particularizando a hipertensão arterial, observa-se na literatura que este componente é um dos mais frequentes em indivíduos com síndrome metabólica, 22,29 fato também confirmado no nosso estudo tanto no sexo masculino, quanto no feminino. Rosa et al 30 perceberam associação significativa entre obesidade, dislipidemia e presença de um maior número componentes da síndrome metabólica em uma população de idosos com hipertensão.…”

“…Estudos semelhantes em indivíduos com síndrome metabólica mostram consumo energético de 1.736 kcal/dia 34 e ingestão de sódio de 2.994 mg/dia. 35 Também corroborando nossos achados, Da Cunha et al, 29 em população semelhante e utilizando informações de dois recordatórios de 24 horas, encontraram consumo energético baixo (1.523,1 kcal/d) em indivíduos com síndrome metabólica, com maior ingestão de energia pelo sexo masculino (p = 0,003). Desse modo, a média de ingestão energética e o consumo excessivo de sódio por indivíduos com síndrome metabólica observados neste estudo são semelhantes aos dados encontrados na literatura.…”