Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus, Newcastle Disease Virus and Goose Parvovirus Using Solution of Nano-Sized Scallop Shell Powder

Abstract

Scallop shell powder produced by calcination process − the average diameter of the powder particles being 20 µm (SSP) − was further ground into nano-sized particles, with average diameter of 500 nm, here designated CaO-Nano. Solution of CaO-Nano could inactivate avian influenza virus within 5 sec, whereas the solution of SSP could not even after 1 hr incubation. CaO-Nano solution could also inactivate Newcastle disease virus and goose parvovirus within 5 sec and 30 sec, respectively. The virus-inactivating capacity (neutralizing index: NI>3) of the solution was not reduced by the presence of 20% fetal bovine serum. CaO-Nano solution seems to be a good candidate of materials for enhancement of biosecurity in farms.

Role of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for highly prevalent viral infections

“…Scallop shell powder ground to nanometer range showed exceptional inactivation property against avian influenza virus (also Newcastle disease virus and goose parvovirus) within 5 seconds of incubation. The study [103] showed that calcium oxide, which does not show any activity at 2 µm size, elicit inhibitory behavior at 550 nm size. In another study [104], the ability of vaccines to induce a T-cell response was mimicked by calcium phosphate nanoparticles.…”

Inhibition of infectious bursal disease virus transmission using bioceramic derived from chicken feces

“…Inactivation was considered to be satisfied when RF was ≥3 (Alphin et al, 2009;Hasegawa et al, 2013;Lombardi et al, 2008;Takehara et al, 2009;Thammakarn et al, 2014).…”

Application of Colloidal Dispersions of Bioshell Calcium Oxide (BiSCaO) for Disinfection

“…Separation of two layers due to flocculation/precipitation was observed in all samples, except under acidic conditions. The TC and CF cell counts in supernatants of the BiSCaO and BiSCa(OH) 2 colloidal dispersions at pH ≥ 11 were much lower compared with samples at other pH values (pH ≤ 10), and the antimicrobial effect was more pronounced with BiSCaO colloidal dispersions than with BiSCa(OH) 2 colloidal dispersions at each pH (pH [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. No TC and CF were observed following treatment with BiSCaO colloidal dispersion at pH 12 ( Figure 5).…”

“…The main component of scallop shells is calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), which is converted to CaO when heated at over 800 • C. Heated scallop shell powder is composed mainly of CaO, which we called bioshell calcium oxide (BiSCaO), a material well known to exhibit strong antimicrobial activity [4]. For example, BiSCaO shows broad antimicrobial action against the avian influenza virus [5], bacteria [3,4], heat-resistant bacterial spores [3,6], fungi [7], and biofilms [8][9][10]. In addition, BiSCaO is used as an additive to prolong the shelf life of food products [10].…”