Inactivation and Membrane Damage Mechanism of Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water on Pseudomonas deceptionensis CM2

Liu, Xiao; Zhang, Mingli; Meng, X I; He, Xinguang; Zhao, Weidong; Liu, Yongji; He, Yu

doi:10.3390/molecules26041012

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Figure 3 showed that the number of cells with red fluorescence greatly increased after single and combined treatments of ClO 2 and SAEW. Similar findings were also reported by Liu et al (2021), who found that SAEW‐treated Pseudomonas deceptionensis CM2 exhibited more red fluorescence than the untreated control cells and membrane damage was a key mechanism of SAEW for killing bacteria. Meanwhile, the number of red fluorescent cells in the ClO 2 + SAEW group was the most compared ClO 2 and SAEW groups.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…A large number of cytoplasmic substances of most cells leaked and accumulated with internal cell contents, and even broke into cell fragments and formed large clumps of bacteria. This phenomenon was supported by the results of Liu et al, who found that SAEW disrupted the cytoplasmic and cell membrane (Liu et al, 2021). For the cells in the ClO 2 + SAEW group, most S. putrefaciens cells were severely deformed, and significant morphological changes were observed, including fusion of cellular mass.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscope (Sem)supporting

confidence: 75%

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Inactivation effect and protective barriers damage caused to Shewanella putrefaciens by stable chlorine dioxide combined with slightly acidic electrolyzed water

Zhao

Lan

Yang

et al. 2022

Food Processing Preservation

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The present study investigated the inactivation effect and mechanism of stable chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ) combined with slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) against Shewanella putrefaciens (S. putrefaciens). The inactivation effect of ClO 2 combined with SAEW against S. putrefaciens was evaluated by the growth curve.The changes in alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, transmembrane electrical potential, Na + K + -ATPase activity, confocal laser scanning micrographs (CLSM), β-galactosidase activity, nucleic acid and protein release, respiratory chain dehydrogenase activity, fluorescence spectra, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were measured to evaluate the inactivation mechanism.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of bacterial cells. The results showed that S. putrefaciens was effectively inactivated after single and combined treatments of ClO 2 and SAEW, and the inactivation effect of combined treatment was the best. The cell wall and cell membrane of bacteria were destroyed by ClO 2 and SAEW, resulting in the release of nucleic acid, protein, AKP, and β-galactosidase. The results of transmembrane electrical potential, Na + K + -ATPase activity, and FT-IR further showed that ClO 2 and SAEW could change cell membrane permeability and destroy cell structural proteins. The results of fluorescence spectra indicated that ClO 2 and SAEW could bind to the DNA of S. putrefaciens. The results of SEM further proved the destructive effects of ClO 2 and SAEW on the bacterial morphology. Therefore, ClO 2 combined with SAEW has the potential to become a preservation method of aquatic products. Novelty impact statement:• This article explored the inactivation effect and inactivation mechanism of single and combined treatments of ClO 2 and SAEW on Shewanella putrefaciens.• ClO 2 combined with SAEW had a synergistic effect on the instantaneous inactivation of S. putrefaciens.• ClO 2 combined with SAEW mainly destructed the protective barriers of bacteria and the ORP of SAEW had an important effect on the transmembrane potential of bacteria.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Scanning Electron Microscope (Sem)supporting

confidence: 75%

Inactivation effect and protective barriers damage caused to Shewanella putrefaciens by stable chlorine dioxide combined with slightly acidic electrolyzed water

Zhao

Lan

Yang

et al. 2022

Food Processing Preservation

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“…Liu et al . (2021) exhibited that Pseudomonas deceptionensis was effectively inactivated by SAEW treatment and Ofori et al . (2018) confirmed that ClO 2 killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa by affecting the outer membrane and plasma membrane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and physicochemical properties: effects of different pretreatment combined with dual‐frequency ultrasound on quality of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) during cold storage

Lan,

Yan,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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SummaryThe quality changes of cold‐stored (4 °C) large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) were studied by using stable chlorine dioxide combined with dual‐frequency ultrasound assisted‐slightly acidic electrolyzed water (CUSS). The results of microbial indicators demonstrated that CUSS treatment inhibited microbial growth. Moreover, CUSS treatment had lower values of pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and higher immobilized water content. CUSS treatment also inhibited the degradation of inosine monophosphate, suppressed the accumulation of hypoxanthine riboside and hypoxanthine. Through the results of texture profile analysis (TPA), protein degradation, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), CUSS treatment could effectively protect the protein structure and maintain good texture characteristics of large yellow croaker. According to microbial indexes, K‐value, and sensory analysis, compared with dual‐frequency ultrasound treatment, CUSS treatment could prolong the shelf‐life of large yellow croaker for another 6 days. Therefore, CUSS treatment is a potential solution to preserve large yellow croaker, improving its protein characteristics.

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“…The antibacterial test of AEW was carried out concerning the method described previously (23,24). In short, 1 mL of bacterial solution and 9 mL of treatment solution (AEW, MNZ, Lifukang) were incubated at 37 • C for 5 min, 10 min, and 20 min, respectively.…”

Section: Effect Of Aew Mnz and Lifukang On Microbiota Inactivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidic Electrolyzed Water Inhibits the Viability of Gardnerella spp. via Oxidative Stress Response

et al. 2022

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The vaginal microbiota, dominated by Lactobacilli, plays an important role in maintaining women's health. Disturbance of the vaginal microbiota allows infection by various pathogens such as Gardnerella spp. (GS) and related anaerobic bacteria resulting in bacterial vaginosis (BV). At present, the treatment options for BV are extremely limited. Treatment of antibacterial drugs and vaginal acidification are the two primary therapeutic methods. Acid electrolyzed water (AEW) is known to inactivate microorganisms and is considered a medical application in recent years. Studies have found that Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) probiotics helps to inhibit GS-induced BV. Our study took GS and LA as the research object, which aims to explore AEW as a potential alternative therapy for BV and its underlying mechanisms. We first obtained the pH of AEW (3.71–4.22) close to normal vaginal pH (3.8–4.5) to maintain normal vaginal acidification conditions. Plate counting experiments showed that AEW (pH: 4.07, ORP: 890.67, ACC: 20 ppm) (20 ppm) could better inhibit the viability of GS but had a more negligible effect on LA. Then, we preliminarily explored the possible mechanism of AEW anti-GS using cell biology experiments and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that the membrane permeability was significantly increased and the integrity of cell membrane was destroyed by AEW in GS than those in LA. AEW also caused protein leakage and cell lysis in GS without affecting LA. Meanwhile, AEW induced a number of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in GS, with no obvious LA changes. Finally, we found that 20 ppm AEW exhibited excellent antibacterial effect on the vaginal secretions of women diagnosed with BV by Amsel criteria and sialic acid plum method. Taken together, our findings manifest that 20 ppm AEW has an excellent antibacterial effect in GS with less effect on LA, which might be expected to become a potential therapy for BV.

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Inactivation and Membrane Damage Mechanism of Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water on Pseudomonas deceptionensis CM2

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Inactivation effect and protective barriers damage caused to Shewanella putrefaciens by stable chlorine dioxide combined with slightly acidic electrolyzed water

Inactivation effect and protective barriers damage caused to Shewanella putrefaciens by stable chlorine dioxide combined with slightly acidic electrolyzed water

Microstructure and physicochemical properties: effects of different pretreatment combined with dual‐frequency ultrasound on quality of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) during cold storage

Acidic Electrolyzed Water Inhibits the Viability of Gardnerella spp. via Oxidative Stress Response

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