In vivo transungual iontophoresis: Effect of DC current application on ionic transport and on transonychial water loss

Dutet, Julie; Delgado‐Charro, M. Begoña

doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.08.016

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This suggests that the contribution of these ions to electric current was likely to be small. In addition, the present transference number results were consistent with those given for Na ion in two separate reports, which utilize different methodologies 37, 39. Another possible explanation is that the ions existing in the nail plate could interfere with the transference number measurements.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Influence of pH on Transungual Passive and Iontophoretic Transport

Smith

Hao

2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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The present study investigated the effects of pH on nail permeability and the transport of ions such as sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) ions endogenous to nail and hydronium and hydroxide ions present at low and high pH, which might compete with drug transport across hydrated nail plate during iontophoresis. Nail hydration and passive transport of water across the nail at pH 1-13 were assessed. Subsequently, passive and iontophoretic transport experiments were conducted using 22 Na and 36 Cl ions under various pH conditions. Nail hydration was independent of pH under moderate pH conditions and increased significantly under extreme pH conditions (pH>11). Likewise, nail permeability for water was pH independent at pH 1-10 and an order of magnitude higher at pH 13. The results of passive and iontophoretic transport of Na and Cl ions are consistent with the permselective property of nail. Interestingly, extremely acidic conditions (e.g., pH 1) altered nail permselectivity with the effect lasting several days at the higher pH conditions. Hydronium and hydroxide ion competition in iontophoretic transport was generally negligible at pH 3-11 was significant at the extreme pH conditions studied.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Influence of pH on Transungual Passive and Iontophoretic Transport

Smith

Hao

2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Further, the relatively quick return to baseline values observed 45 minutes post-iontophoresis ( Figure 5) is in agreement with the recovery of transonychial water loss post nail iontophoresis observed in vivo (41). Similarly, both techniques suggest that N-acetyl-L-cysteine provokes a more intense disruption of nail structure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Effects of Iontophoresis, Hydration, and Permeation Enhancers on Human Nail Plate: Infrared and Impedance Spectroscopy Assessment

et al. 2013

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Infrared and impedance spectroscopies were used to investigate the effects of hydration, iontophoresis and chemical enhancer (N-acetyl-L-cysteine) treatment on the healthy human nail.Although significant shifts to higher wavenumbers were observed for the symmetric and asymmetric -CH 2 stretching vibrations, the fact that these changes were essentially the same for the three treatments suggested that they were principally due to hydration alone. Spectral changes associated with amide bonds from nail protein were particularly evident post-treatment with Nacetyl-L-cysteine. The alternating current conductivity and permittivity of the nail, particularly at low frequencies, increased with hydration. Iontophoresis increased the low frequency ac conductivity of the nail but had less effect on the nail capacitance/permittivity. Further, the effects seemed to return gradually to baseline after termination of current passage. Treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine produced a greater perturbation, leading to increased low-frequency conductivity and a shift of the frequency-dependent conductivity region to a higher frequency. Overall, the effects of iontophoresis on both the IR and impedance spectroscopic profiles of the nail were attributable simply to increased hydration and similar to those observed after skin iontophoresis. In contrast, both spectroscopy techniques indicated that N-acetyl-L-cysteine disrupted nail structure in line with the enhancer's known effect on keratin.

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“…Studies have been carried out to determine the effect of iontophoresis on ionic transport (sodium and chloride ions) and on TOWL [33]. A condenser chamber system-based Aquaflux along with a specially designed nail adaptor to improve the contact between the instrument and nail plate was used for the TOWL measurements.…”

Section: Transonychial Water Loss (Towl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The baseline TOWL values were recovered 1-2 h post-treatment which suggested that iontophoresis did not significantly alter the water loss across the nail plate. Thus, the authors recommended the transungual iontophoresis for further investigations with regard to its future applications in drug delivery [33].…”

Section: Transonychial Water Loss (Towl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and component mining of nails using bioengineering techniques

Thatai

Sapra

2016

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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The human nail is one of the challenging membranes for the scientists to target and to improve the clinical efficacy of ungual formulations. The understanding of nail physiology, impact of hydration on its properties and presence of trace elements in nails as biomarkers has been explored by various researchers in clinical studies. Despite the importance of biophysical techniques for the assessment of structure and physiology of nail, minimum literature analyses biophysical, biochemical and bioanalytical approaches. However, nowadays scientists in bioengineering field are keen in developing non-invasive, reliable and reproducible techniques for the assessment of different anatomical and functional parameters of nails for testing of ungual products.

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In vivo transungual iontophoresis: Effect of DC current application on ionic transport and on transonychial water loss

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Influence of pH on Transungual Passive and Iontophoretic Transport

Influence of pH on Transungual Passive and Iontophoretic Transport

Effects of Iontophoresis, Hydration, and Permeation Enhancers on Human Nail Plate: Infrared and Impedance Spectroscopy Assessment

Structural and component mining of nails using bioengineering techniques

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