In Vivo Role of Two-Component Regulatory Systems in Models of Urinary Tract Infections

Gaetano, Giuseppe Valerio De; Lentini, Germana; Famà, Agata; Coppolino, Francesco; Beninati, Concetta

doi:10.3390/pathogens12010119

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 251 publications

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“…This finding was in line with previous studies that reported varying frequencies of gelatinase production in P. aeruginosa isolates from clinical sources [18,19]. The presence of gelatinase in wound and urine samples, indicating its potential role in tissue damage and urinary tract infections, was supported by previous research that implicated gelatinase in P. aeruginosa pathogenesis [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…When comparing these results with previous studies, it is evident that the inhibitory effects of P. aeruginosa strains can vary among different environmental sources and target pathogens. These data suggest the presence of different antimicrobial mechanisms employed by the strains [ 20 , 21 ]. Further research is needed to understand these mechanisms and their potential applications in combating pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzyme Production and Inhibitory Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Contrasting Clinical and Environmental Isolates

Aqel,

Sannan,

Foudah

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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(1) Background: This study summarizes the findings of two studies investigating the inhibitory effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from clinical and environmental sources against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The studies also analyzed the correlation between enzyme production and inhibitory effects to gain insights into the antimicrobial capabilities of P. aeruginosa strains; (2) Methods: Both studies employed similar methodologies, including the use of disk diffusion and well diffusion methods to assess the inhibitory effects of P. aeruginosa strains against target pathogens. Enzyme production was analyzed through various biochemical assays to determine the diversity and frequencies of enzyme secretion among the strains; (3) Results: A comparative analysis of enzyme production in P. aeruginosa strains from clinical sources revealed significant variations in enzyme production, with hemolysin and protease being the most commonly produced enzymes. Gelatinase production showed lower rates, whereas chondroitinase and hyaluronidase were absent or occurred less frequently. In contrast, a comparative analysis of enzyme production in environmental isolates showed different patterns, indicating adaptation to environmental conditions. Pyocyanin production was absent in all environmental isolates. The inhibitory effects against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria varied among different P. aeruginosa strains, with strain-specific variations observed. Limited inhibitory effects were observed against fungi, primarily toward gram-positive bacteria; (4) Conclusions: The findings highlight the strain-specific nature of inhibitory effects and enzyme production in P. aeruginosa strains. The correlation between enzyme production and inhibitory effects against gram-positive bacteria suggest a potential role of specific enzymes, such as hemolysin and protease, in the antimicrobial activity. The complexity of the relationship between enzyme production and the inhibition of different pathogens requires further investigation. The results emphasize the potential of P. aeruginosa strains as sources for antimicrobial strategies, particularly against gram-positive bacteria. Future research should focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying these inhibitory effects and exploring their therapeutic applications.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme Production and Inhibitory Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Contrasting Clinical and Environmental Isolates

Aqel,

Sannan,

Foudah

et al. 2023

Antibiotics

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“…CzcRS-dependent zinc induction plays a relevant role in P. aeruginosa since urine can release zinc upon contact with siliconized latex urinary catheters favoring carbepenem-resistance mediated by OprD expression [ 199 , 200 ]. These observations are in line with those performed with the TCS of uropathogens during the onset and progression of urinary tract infections [ 201 ].…”

Section: Gram-negative Bacteriasupporting

confidence: 90%

Antimicrobial Resistance: Two-Component Regulatory Systems and Multidrug Efflux Pumps

et al. 2023

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The number of multidrug-resistant bacteria is rapidly spreading worldwide. Among the various mechanisms determining resistance to antimicrobial agents, multidrug efflux pumps play a noteworthy role because they export extraneous and noxious substrates from the inside to the outside environment of the bacterial cell contributing to multidrug resistance (MDR) and, consequently, to the failure of anti-infective therapies. The expression of multidrug efflux pumps can be under the control of transcriptional regulators and two-component systems (TCS). TCS are a major mechanism by which microorganisms sense and reply to external and/or intramembrane stimuli by coordinating the expression of genes involved not only in pathogenic pathways but also in antibiotic resistance. In this review, we describe the influence of TCS on multidrug efflux pump expression and activity in some Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Taking into account the strict correlation between TCS and multidrug efflux pumps, the development of drugs targeting TCS, alone or together with already discovered efflux pump inhibitors, may represent a beneficial strategy to contribute to the fight against growing antibiotic resistance.

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“…Two-component signaling pathways are critical to bacterial pathogenesis and thus remain a highly active area of investigation across a broad array of major human pathogens ( 61 – 63 ). Herein, we delineate the global binding characteristics of the critical streptococcal response regulator CovR, in both a wild-type emm3 GAS and a CovS phosphatase-inactive strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperphosphorylation of the Group A Streptococcal Control of Virulence Regulator Increases Promoter Occupancy Specifically at Virulence Factor-Encoding Genes

2023

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Given its key role in pathogenesis of Gram-positive bacteria, CovR is one of the most important members of the OmpR/PhoB family of transcriptional regulators. Herein we extend recent GAS CovR global binding analyses done in emm1 to a non- emm1 strain, which is important considering the known inter- emm -type heterogeneity in GAS CovRS function.

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In Vivo Role of Two-Component Regulatory Systems in Models of Urinary Tract Infections

Cited by 10 publications

References 251 publications

Enzyme Production and Inhibitory Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Contrasting Clinical and Environmental Isolates

Enzyme Production and Inhibitory Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Contrasting Clinical and Environmental Isolates

Antimicrobial Resistance: Two-Component Regulatory Systems and Multidrug Efflux Pumps

Hyperphosphorylation of the Group A Streptococcal Control of Virulence Regulator Increases Promoter Occupancy Specifically at Virulence Factor-Encoding Genes

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