In-Vivo Models of Arrhythmias: a Canine Model of Sudden Cardiac Death

Billman, George E.

doi:10.1007/3-540-26574-0_7

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The electrical remodeling may be mediated, in part, by NGF. Interestingly, animals with T 4 spinal cord transection receiving intrathecal anti-NGF antibody did not develop the elevated HRs typically observed after a T 4 spinal cord transection (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…It is well documented that the autonomic nervous system modulates cardiac electrophysiology and that abnormalities of autonomic function can increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Specifically, decreased parasympathetic activity and increased sympathetic activity contribute to cardiac arrhythmias and increase the susceptibility to ventricular fibrillation (4). Importantly, autonomic control of the cardiovascular system is abnormal and unstable after spinal cord injury.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, reductions in parasympathetic activity or increases in sympathetic activity increase the susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias (4). The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system alter cardiac electrophysiology by activating ␤-adrenergic and muscarinic-cholinergic receptors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paraplegia increased cardiac NGF content, sympathetic tonus, and the susceptibility to ischemia-induced ventricular tachycardia in conscious rats

Lujan

Chen

DiCarlo³

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Lujan HL, Chen Y, DiCarlo SE. Paraplegia increased cardiac NGF content, sympathetic tonus, and the susceptibility to ischemiainduced ventricular tachycardia in conscious rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 296: H1364 -H1372, 2009. First published March 13, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01286.2008.-Midthoracic spinal cord injury is associated with ventricular arrhythmias that are mediated, in part, by enhanced cardiac sympathetic activity. Furthermore, it is well known that sympathetic neurons have a lifelong requirement for nerve growth factor (NGF). NGF is a neurotrophin that supports the survival and differentiation of sympathetic neurons and enhances target innervation. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that paraplegia is associated with an increased cardiac NGF content, sympathetic tonus, and susceptibility to ischemia-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Intact and paraplegic (6 -9 wk posttransection, T5 spinal cord transection) rats were instrumented with a radiotelemetry device for recording arterial pressure, temperature, and ECG, and a snare was placed around the left main coronary artery. Following recovery, the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias (coronary artery occlusion) was determined in intact and paraplegic rats. In additional groups of matched intact and paraplegic rats, cardiac nerve growth factor content (ELISA) and cardiac sympathetic tonus were determined. Paraplegia, compared with intact, increased cardiac nerve growth factor content (2,146 Ϯ 286 vs. 180 Ϯ 36 pg/ml, P Ͻ 0.05) and cardiac sympathetic tonus (154 Ϯ 4 vs. 68 Ϯ 4 beats/min, P Ͻ 0.05) and decreased the ventricular arrhythmia threshold (3.6 Ϯ 0.2 vs. 4.9 Ϯ 0.2 min, P Ͻ 0.05). Thus altered autonomic behavior increases the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias in paraplegic rats. cardiovascular risks; arrhythmia OUR LABORATORY RECENTLY DOCUMENTED that T 5 spinal cord transection (T 5 X) increased the susceptibility to ischemiareperfusion-induced sustained ventricular tachycardia (25). The increased susceptibility to the life-threatening arrhythmia was prevented with cardiac ␤

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paraplegia increased cardiac NGF content, sympathetic tonus, and the susceptibility to ischemia-induced ventricular tachycardia in conscious rats

Lujan

Chen

DiCarlo³

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…The surgical preparation of the dogs has been described in previous publications (5,6,8,11,18,30). Briefly, the dogs were anesthetized, and, with the use of strict aseptic techniques, a left thoracotomy was made in the fourth intercostal space.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All leads to the instrumentation were tunneled under the skin to exit at the back of the neck. Dogs were medicated to control postoperative pain and infection as described previously (5,18).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate response to onset of exercise: evidence for enhanced cardiac sympathetic activity in animals susceptible to ventricular fibrillation

Billman

2006

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Acute and Chronic Exercise in Animal Models

Thu

Kim

Han

2017

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Numerous animal cardiac exercise models using animal subjects have been established to uncover the cardiovascular physiological mechanism of exercise or to determine the effects of exercise on cardiovascular health and disease. In most cases, animal-based cardiovascular exercise modalities include treadmill running, swimming, and voluntary wheel running with a series of intensities, times, and durations. Those used animals include small rodents (e.g., mice and rats) and large animals (e.g., rabbits, dogs, goats, sheep, pigs, and horses). Depending on the research goal, each experimental protocol should also describe whether its respective exercise treatment can produce the anticipated acute or chronic cardiovascular adaptive response. In this chapter, we will briefly describe the most common kinds of animal models of acute and chronic cardiovascular exercises that are currently being conducted and are likely to be chosen in the near future. Strengths and weakness of animal-based cardiac exercise modalities are also discussed.

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In-Vivo Models of Arrhythmias: a Canine Model of Sudden Cardiac Death

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Paraplegia increased cardiac NGF content, sympathetic tonus, and the susceptibility to ischemia-induced ventricular tachycardia in conscious rats

Paraplegia increased cardiac NGF content, sympathetic tonus, and the susceptibility to ischemia-induced ventricular tachycardia in conscious rats

Heart rate response to onset of exercise: evidence for enhanced cardiac sympathetic activity in animals susceptible to ventricular fibrillation

Acute and Chronic Exercise in Animal Models

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