In vivo measurement of flatulence and nutrient digestibility in dogs fed poultry by-product meal, conventional soybean meal, and low-oligosaccharide low-phytate soybean meal

Yamka, Ryan M.; Harmon, D. L.; Schoenherr, William D.; Khoo, Christina; Gross, Kathy L.; Davidson, Stephen J.; Joshi, Dinesh K.

doi:10.2460/javma.228.2.235

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In vitro lipid digestibility of a sample of wet canned food for adult dogs as determined using different combinations of gastric lipase and emulsifiers and literature data. The dotted line indicates the mean of results drawn from the literature (Dust et al 2005;Yamka et al 2006;Vhile et al 2007;Kempe and Saastamoinen, 2007;Guevara et al 2008;Barry et al 2009;Dobenecker et al 2010;Brambillasca et al 2010;Hendriks et al 2013;Menniti et al 2014) while the solid line indicates results obtained with the technique proposed by Vervaeke et al (1989) with no addition of gastric lipase and emulsifiers. BS: Bile salts (cholic acid-deoxycholic acid sodium salt mixture); Tw20: Polysorbate 20 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Tween 20, Sigma Aldrich); L: Gastric lipase.…”

Section: Validation Of the In Vitro Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BS: Bile salts (cholic acid-deoxycholic acid sodium salt mixture); Tw20: Polysorbate 20 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate; Tween 20, Sigma Aldrich); L: Gastric lipase. Dust et al 2005;Yamka et al 2006;Vhile et al 2007;Kempe and Saastamoinen, 2007;Guevara et al 2008;Barry et al 2009;Dobenecker et al 2010;Brambillasca et al 2010;Hendriks et al 2013;Menniti et al 2014. Kempe and Saastamoinen, 2007;Guevara et al, 2008;Barry et al 2009;Dobenecker et al 2010;Brambillasca et al 2010;Hendriks et al 2013;Menniti et al 2014. (r 2 ¼ .95) between in vivo and in vitro organic matter digestibility despite the fact that their method did not involve the utilisation of gastric lipase and bile salts (however, the last step of the method that they proposed involves washing the undigested residue with ethanol and acetone, two organic solvents which are very likely to remove all the undigested fat).…”

Section: Validation Of the In Vitro Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A newin vitromethod to evaluate digestibility of commercial diets for dogs

Biagi

Cipollini

Grandi

et al. 2016

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The aim of the present study was to develop a new in vitro method for evaluating the digestibility of commercial diets for dogs. First, in order to develop the in vitro method, the digestibility of four commercial diets for dogs was evaluated through several in vitro trials and results were compared with those that were retrieved from the literature. The in vitro method that was developed consists of two incubation phases, a first lasting 2h and taking place in the presence of pepsin, gastric lipase and HCl (gastric phase) and a second 4h one with pancreatin and bile salts (intestinal phase). Later, digestibility of 16 extruded diets for dogs was evaluated both in vivo with adult dogs and in vitro. There was a close linear relationship between in vivo total tract and in vitro dry matter digestibility (r 2 ¼ .81), whereas accuracy of crude protein digestibility using the in vitro method was lower (r 2 ¼ .51). Linear regression accuracy for ether extract and starch digestibility was low, but the digestibility results obtained with the in vitro method (95.3 and 98.7% for ether extract and starch, respectively) were very close to those from the in vivo trial (average digestibility of ether extract and starch was 94.8 and 99.1%, respectively). The present in vitro method has proved to be a relatively simple, quick procedure for predicting the digestibility of commercial diets for dogs. The utilisation of such a method may significantly reduce the need for in vivo digestion trials with dogs. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Validation Of the In Vitro Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validation Of the In Vitro Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A newin vitromethod to evaluate digestibility of commercial diets for dogs

Biagi

Cipollini

Grandi

et al. 2016

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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show abstract

“…Faecal consistency was recorded daily using the following grading system: grade 1, more than two‐thirds of faeces per defecation was liquid, lost all form; grade 2, soft–liquid faeces (equal amounts of soft and liquid faeces per defecation); grade 3, more than two‐thirds of faeces per defecation was soft and retained enough form to make a pile; grade 4, firm–soft faeces (equal amounts of soft and firm faeces per defecation); grade 5, more than two‐thirds of faeces per defecation was firm and had a cylindrical shape (Yamka et al , 2006). Dogs were weighed weekly during the feeding study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of âthe faecal microbiota associated with canine chronic diarrhoea

Jia

Frantz²,

Khoo³

et al. 2010

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Diarrhoea is a common problem in dogs and can result in disturbance of the normal intestinal microbiota. However, little is known about the gastrointestinal microbiota of dogs with chronic diarrhoea and controlled canine studies of dietary management are scarce. The aims of this study were to investigate the predominant faecal microbiota of chronic diarrhoea dogs and to examine the effect(s) of a fibre blend on the canine faecal microbiota. A 3-week fibre supplementation feeding study was performed in nine chronic diarrhoea and eight control dogs. Atopobium cluster, Lactobacillus-Enterococcus group and Clostridium cluster XIV were the predominant bacterial groups in all dogs. Chronic diarrhoea dogs had significantly higher Bacteroides counts at baseline and significantly lower Atopobium cluster counts following fibre supplementation compared with control dogs. Atopobium cluster levels increased significantly in control dogs, while counts of sulphatereducing bacteria decreased significantly and Clostridium clusters I and II counts increased significantly in chronic diarrhoea dogs during fibre supplementation. Microbial profiles (detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) demonstrated interindividual variation, with greater similarity seen between the chronic diarrhoea and control dogs' profiles after fibre supplementation compared with baseline. In conclusion, fibre supplementation induced changes in the canine faecal microbiota, with greater resemblance between the microbiota of chronic diarrhoea and control dogs after this dietary modulation.

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“…Oligosaccharides consumption may increase intestinal lumen viscosity, reducing the interaction of the endogenous enzymes with the substrates and also interfere with nutrient digestibility (Antoniou and Marquardt, 1983; Smits and Annison, 1996; Zuo et al., 1996; Yamka et al., 2003). This may result in an increased flow of organic matter into the colon, changing microbiota composition and increasing faecal production and fermentation activity, with higher formation of faecal fermentation products, including short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA; Silvio et al., 2000; Yamka et al., 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme effects on extruded diets for dogs with soybean meal as a substitute for poultry by‐product meal

Tortola¹,

Souza²,

Zaine³

et al. 2013

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Summary The effects of exogenous enzymes supplementation on kibble diets for dogs formulated with soybean meal (SBM) as a substitute for poultry by‐product meal (PM) was investigated on nutrient digestibility, fermentation products formation, post‐prandial urea response and selected faecal bacteria counts. Two kibble diets with similar compositions were used in two trials: PM‐based diet (28.9% of PM; soybean hulls as a fibre source) and SBM‐based diet (29.9% of SBM). In experiment 1, the SBM diet was divided into three diets: SBM‐0, without enzyme addition; SBM‐1, covered after extrusion with 7500 U protease/kg and 45 U cellulase/kg; and SBM‐2, covered with 15 000 U protease/kg and 90 U cellulase/kg. In experiment 2, the SBM diet was divided into three diets: SBM‐0; SBM‐1, covered with 140 U protease/kg; 8 U cellulase/kg, 800 U pectinase/kg, 60 U phytase/kg, 40 U betaglucanase/kg and 20 U xylanase/kg; and SMB‐2, covered with 700 U protease/kg, 40 U cellulase/kg, 4000 U pectinase/kg, 300 U phytase/kg, 200 U betaglucanase/kg and 100 U xylanase/kg. Each experiment followed a block design with six dogs per diet. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and means compared by orthogonal and polynomial contrasts (p < 0.05). In both experiments, nutrients and energy digestibility did not differ between diets (p > 0.05). SBM consumption resulted in increased faecal moisture and production (p < 0.05), without effect on faecal score. Higher concentration of propionate, acetate and lactate, and lower ammonia and pH were found in the faeces of dogs fed SBM (p < 0.05). Higher post‐prandial urea was verified in dogs fed SBM (p < 0.05). In experiment 2, the addition of enzymes increased faecal concentration of propionate, acetate and total short‐chain fatty acid (p < 0.05) and tended to reduce post‐prandial urea concentration (p = 0.06). Although with similar digestibility, SBM shows a worse utilization of absorbed amino acids than the PM. Soybean oligosaccharides can beneficially change gut fermentation product formation. Enzymes can increase the gut fermentation activity and improve the SBM proteic value.

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In vivo measurement of flatulence and nutrient digestibility in dogs fed poultry by-product meal, conventional soybean meal, and low-oligosaccharide low-phytate soybean meal

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

A newin vitromethod to evaluate digestibility of commercial diets for dogs

A newin vitromethod to evaluate digestibility of commercial diets for dogs

Investigation of âthe faecal microbiota associated with canine chronic diarrhoea

Enzyme effects on extruded diets for dogs with soybean meal as a substitute for poultry by‐product meal

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In vivo measurement of flatulence and nutrient digestibility in dogs fed poultry by-product meal, conventional soybean meal, and low-oligosaccharide low-phytate soybean meal

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

A newin vitromethod to evaluate digestibility of commercial diets for dogs

A newin vitromethod to evaluate digestibility of commercial diets for dogs

Investigation of âthe faecal microbiota associated with canine chronic diarrhoea

Enzyme effects on extruded diets for dogs with soybean meal as a substitute for poultry by‐product meal

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Product

Resources

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Investigation of âthe faecal microbiota associated with canine chronic diarrhoea