In vivo Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of Methanolic Extract of Chlorella vulgaris on Impetigo and Some Dermatophytes

El‐Sheekh, Mostafa M.; El-Shafay, Shimaa M.; El-Ballat, Enas M.

doi:10.21608/ejbo.2016.1136

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…At low concentrations, they likely influence enzymes, especially those involved in energy production [68]. The antifungal effect may be due to binding and damaging lipids in cell membranes and organelles and the impact on spore germination [81,82]. Terpenoids are capable of damaging the porins in the outer membrane of bacterial cell walls through the formation of a strong bond polymer, thus impeding the flux of nutrients [66].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Metabolites From Microalgae and Cyanobacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Arthrospira (Former Spirulina) and Dunaliella Related to Recognized Antimicrobial Bioactive Compounds

Ilieva,

Zaharieva,

Najdenski

et al. 2024

IJMS

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With the increasing rate of the antimicrobial resistance phenomenon, natural products gain our attention as potential drug candidates. Apart from being used as nutraceuticals and for biotechnological purposes, microalgae and phytoplankton have well-recognized antimicrobial compounds and proved anti-infectious potential. In this review, we comprehensively outline the antimicrobial activity of one genus of cyanobacteria (Arthrospira, formerly Spirulina) and of eukaryotic microalgae (Dunaliella). Both, especially Arthrospira, are mostly used as nutraceuticals and as a source of antioxidants for health supplements, cancer therapy and cosmetics. Their diverse bioactive compounds provide other bioactivities and potential for various medical applications. Their antibacterial and antifungal activity vary in a broad range and are strain specific. There are strains of Arthrospira platensis with very potent activity and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) as low as 2–15 µg/mL against bacterial fish pathogens including Bacillus and Vibrio spp. Arthrospira sp. has demonstrated an inhibition zone (IZ) of 50 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Remarkable is the substantial amount of in vivo studies of Arthrospira showing it to be very promising for preventing vibriosis in shrimp and Helicobacter pylori infection and for wound healing. The innovative laser irradiation of the chlorophyll it releases can cause photodynamic destruction of bacteria. Dunaliella salina has exhibited MIC values lower than 300 µg/mL and an IZ value of 25.4 mm on different bacteria, while Dunaliella tertiolecta has demonstrated MIC values of 25 and 50 μg/mL against some Staphylococcus spp. These values fulfill the criteria for significant antimicrobial activity and sometimes are comparable or exceed the activity of the control antibiotics. The bioactive compounds which are responsible for that action are fatty acids including PUFAs, polysaccharides, glycosides, peptides, neophytadiene, etc. Cyanobacteria, such as Arthrospira, also particularly have antimicrobial flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, saponins, quinones and some unique-to-them compounds, such as phycobiliproteins, polyhydroxybutyrate, the peptide microcystin, etc. These metabolites can be optimized by using stress factors in a two-step process of fermentation in closed photobioreactors (PBRs).

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Section: Antimicrobial Metabolites From Microalgae and Cyanobacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Arthrospira (Former Spirulina) and Dunaliella Related to Recognized Antimicrobial Bioactive Compounds

Ilieva,

Zaharieva,

Najdenski

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…, ambos apresentando expressiva atividade de inibição do crescimento fúngico. Para os dermatófitos, até o momento, as únicas clorofíceas que tiveram seu potencial antifúngico explorado foram a Chlorella vulgaris(El-Sheekh, et al, 2015;El-Sheekh, et al, 2016) e a Scenedesmus quadricauda(Al-Rekabi, 2011).Al-Rekabi (2011) avaliou a atividade antifúngica da clorofícea S. quadricauda frente a quatro espécies de fungos, sendo dois destes dermatófitos, T. rubrum e M. canis. O extrato aquoso da microalga foi testado por meio das metodologias de difusão em ágar e ágar-diluição.…”

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Atividade biológica das microalgas em dermatófitos: Revisão

Lage

Deegan²,

Santos³

et al. 2022

RSD

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As microalgas são consideradas uma rica fonte de metabólitos biologicamente ativos com potencial uso farmacológico. Na indústria farmacêutica, extratos microalgais se destacam por apresentarem importantes atividades biológicas, como a antifúngica. As dermatofitoses são micoses cutâneas ocasionadas por fungos denominados dermatófitos, microrganismos que possuem um biotropismo especial por tecidos queratinizados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca da atividade biológica de extratos e compostos das microalgas em fungos dermatófitos. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, SciELO e Google Scholar. Após a busca, foram selecionados 18 artigos publicados entre os anos de 1960 e 2021, nos idiomas inglês e francês. Quatro grupos de microalgas já foram explorados quanto à atividade antifúngica: clorofíceas, diatomáceas, dinoflagelados e cianobactérias, totalizando 40 espécies de microalgas já testadas em 19 espécies de dermatófitos. As diatomáceas e cianobactérias possuem o maior número de testes realizados contra dermatófitos. As espécies de dermatófitos mais testadas foram o T. rubrum e o T. menthagrophytes. Os extratos de S. platensis, C. Braunii, T. nodosa e T. tenuis e os compostos isolados das espécies de dinoflagelados Goniodoma sp., G. toxicus e Amphidinium sp. apresentaram maior atividade inibitória. A falta de padronização dos testes e o potencial antifúngico das microalgas já registrado para os dermatófitos, encoraja a realização de novos estudos para contemplar a grande biodiversidade e testar o efeito sinérgico aditivo com drogas comerciais.

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