In vivo effects of adjunctive tetracycline treatment on refractory corneal ulcers in dogs

Chandler, Heather L.; Gemensky-Metzler, Anne J.; Bras, I. Dineli; Robbin-Webb, Terah E.; Saville, William J.; Colitz, Carmen M.H.

doi:10.2460/javma.237.4.378

Cited by 37 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The age range of affected horses in this cohort (3–24 years) is similar to that previously reported (2–27 years and 3–28 years), as is the mean age (12 years vs. 13.7 years and 13.7 years) . This is in contrast to dogs, in which SCCEDs typically manifests in older animals (considering their comparatively shorter canine lifespan), with published means ranging from 8.7 to 9.4 years . Although not identified in horses in this study, the potential correlation between older patients and an increased incidence of nonhealing, corneal ulcers might be associated with age‐related changes in the corneal epithelial basement membrane.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Histopathological features of equine superficial, nonhealing, corneal ulcers

Hempstead¹,

Clode

Borst

et al. 2013

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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The most consistent histopathological characteristics of equine chronic, nonhealing, superficial, corneal ulcers include epithelial nonadherence, epithelial dysmaturity and mild to moderate stromal inflammation; however, one set of histopathological characteristics does not definitively define this syndrome in horses. Additionally, the anterior stromal acellular hyaline zone commonly cited in canine spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCED) is not a consistent finding in equine corneas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Histopathological features of equine superficial, nonhealing, corneal ulcers

Hempstead¹,

Clode

Borst

et al. 2013

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…Classic histopathologic features include nonadherent, dysplastic epithelium adjacent to the ulcerated region, loss of epithelial basement membrane, presence of a hyalinized, acellular zone in the superficial stroma, and an abnormal nerve plexus in the anterior stroma surrounding the erosion 6 . Affected dogs are typically middle aged and free of concurrent ocular disease, and Boxers have been demonstrated to be overrepresented in multiple studies 1–3,5,7,8 . A variety of medical and surgical treatments have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) in dogs with diamond burr debridement and placement of a bandage contact lens

Gosling¹,

Labelle

Breaux³

2012

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Objective To describe the outcome of canine spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCED) treated with diamond burr debridement (DBD) and bandage contact lens placement (BCL). Animal studied Forty eyes of 36 dogs presenting to a single private practice. Procedures A retrospective review of medical records was performed. Cases were eligible for inclusion if they were newly diagnosed with SCCED by a veterinary ophthalmologist and treated with DBD/BCL. All patients received a complete ocular examination followed by DBD using a battery-powered, handheld motorized burr (Algerbrush(®) , Alger Equipment Company, Lago Vista, TX, USA). A BCL was placed post-debridement in all patients. Data were analyzed for sex, age, breed, duration of clinical signs prior to DBD; number of debridements required before healing was achieved; contact lens retention, complications attributed to DBD, and additional surgical interventions were required to achieve healing. Results The median time to first recheck examination was 7 days (IQR 7-9 days) with 28/40 (70%) of cases healed at this examination. The mean time to second recheck examination was 15.5 ± 5.5 days with 37/40 (92.5%) healed by this examination. The median time to final recheck examination was 19 days (IQR 18-35.5 days) with a range of 18-52 days. All cases resolved by the third and final recheck examination. A second DBD/BCL was performed in 5/40 (12.5%) of cases. The BCL retention rate was 95% over all examination time points. No case required a keratectomy or other surgical intervention to achieve healing. The only complication observed was one case of suspected bacterial keratitis post-DBD/BCL. Conclusions Results suggest that DBD/BCL is safe and effective for treatment of canine SCCED.

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“…The population of dogs from which study subjects were enrolled was similar to those of previous studies 4,13,14,16 involving dogs with SCCED, with middle-aged dogs and the Boxer breed overrepresented in both treatment groups. Treatment groups were similar to each other with respect to distributions of sex, age, neuter status, and affected eye.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In a placebo-controlled study 15 of dogs with nonhealing corneal erosions, topical administration of epidermal growth factor improved healing rate, but the concentration of epidermal growth factor at the ocular surface in those dogs was not determined. Another investigation g revealed a low tear concentration of transforming growth factor β in dogs with SCCED; in a subsequent study, 13 topical and oral administration of tetracyclines had a positive effect on healing of SCCEDs, putatively through the modulation of growth factors including transforming growth factor β. In another study, 48 high concentrations of nerve growth factor were identified in the tears, corneas, and lacrimal glands of dogs with experimentally induced corneal wounds, but topical application of additional exogenous nerve growth factor failed to accelerate reepithelialization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…[1][2][3][4][7][8][9][10][11] Adjunctive use of topical treatments is associated with favorable effects on healing rates of SCCEDs. 3,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In humans, serum has been used as an adjunctive topical treatment for many ocular surface diseases, especially ulcerative corneal disease. In particular, topical application of serum has been associated with improvements in corneal healing rates and comfort in patients with persistent corneal epithelial defect, which is a disease with a similar clinical appearance to SCCED.…”

Section: Iqrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of topically applied heterologous serum on reepithelialization rate of superficial chronic corneal epithelial defects in dogs

Eaton

Hollingsworth

Holmberg³

et al. 2017

javma

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OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of topical application of undiluted heterologous serum on time to corneal reepithelialization in dogs with superficial chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs). DESIGN Multicenter, randomized, double-masked, controlled clinical trial. ANIMALS 41 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES After collection of baseline clinical and historical data, dogs were randomly assigned to receive topically applied undiluted heterologous serum (n = 22) or isotonic saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (19) along with tobramycin and atropine. Epithelial debridement (at all visits) and grid keratotomy (at visits 2, 3, and 4) of SCCEDs were performed. Ophthalmic examination including fluorescein application was performed once weekly for 4 weeks or until corneal reepithelialization. Clinicians and owners were masked to treatment group. RESULTS No differences in baseline data were detected between treatment groups. No difficulties with medication administration, noncompliance, or adverse reactions were noted. All SCCEDs in both groups healed by 4 weeks after treatment began. Median time to reepithelialization (2 weeks) was not significantly different between serum-treated and placebo-treated eyes. Irrespective of treatment group, median time to reepithelialization was not significantly different for Boxers versus non-Boxer breeds. Direct correlations were detected between time to reepithelialization and vascularization score at study entry, vascularization score at time of reepithelialization, and ulcer area at study entry in both groups. Time to reepithelialization was not correlated with age, sex, or duration of signs in either group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Topical application of undiluted heterologous serum was well tolerated by dogs with SCCEDs but, as an adjunct to standard treatment, did not reduce time to corneal reepithelialization.

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In vivo effects of adjunctive tetracycline treatment on refractory corneal ulcers in dogs

Abstract: Topical tetracycline ophthalmic ointment was a safe, inexpensive, and effective adjunctive treatment for refractory corneal ulcers in dogs.

Cited by 37 publications

References 33 publications

Histopathological features of equine superficial, nonhealing, corneal ulcers

Histopathological features of equine superficial, nonhealing, corneal ulcers

Management of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) in dogs with diamond burr debridement and placement of a bandage contact lens

Effects of topically applied heterologous serum on reepithelialization rate of superficial chronic corneal epithelial defects in dogs

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