In vivo cardiac power generation enabled by an integrated helical piezoelectric pacemaker lead

Dong, Lin; Closson, Andrew B.; Oglesby, Meagan; Escobedo, Daniel; Han, Xiaomin; Nie, Yuan; Huang, Shicheng; Feldman, Marc D.; Chen, Zi; Zhang, John X. J.

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104085

Cited by 64 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Fluoroscopy was used throughout the whole process, including guiding the lead into the right ventricle (RV) and adjusting the anchoring location of the lead. [ 24 ] Notably, the sheath, which is used to deliver the lead into the vein in the standard implantation, was not used here because that the friction between the energy harvester and sheath can damage the polymeric encapsulation of the device. Next, visual evaluations of the fluoroscopy image were conducted to ensure adequate deformations of the lead in the heart.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implantable Cardiac Kirigami‐Inspired Lead‐Based Energy Harvester Fabricated by Enhanced Piezoelectric Composite Film

Xü

Jin

Cabe

et al. 2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Harvesting biomechanical energy to power implantable electronics such as pacemakers has been attracting great attention in recent years because it replaces conventional batteries and provides a sustainable energy solution. However, current energy harvesting technologies that directly interact with internal organs often lack flexibility and conformability, and they usually require additional implantation surgeries that impose extra burden to patients. To address this issue, here a Kirigami inspired energy harvester, seamlessly incorporated into the pacemaker lead using piezoelectric composite films is reported, which not only possesses great flexibility but also requires no additional implantation surgeries. This lead-based device allows for harvesting energy from the complex motion of the lead caused by the expansion-contraction of the heart. The device's Kirigami pattern has been designed and optimized to attain greatly improved flexibility which is validated via finite element method (FEM) simulations, mechanical tensile tests, and energy output tests where the device shows a power output of 2.4 µW. Finally, an in vivo test using a porcine model reveals that the device can be implanted into the heart straightforwardly and generates voltages up to ≈0.7 V. This work offers a new strategy for designing flexible energy harvesters that power implantable electronics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implantable Cardiac Kirigami‐Inspired Lead‐Based Energy Harvester Fabricated by Enhanced Piezoelectric Composite Film

Xü

Jin

Cabe

et al. 2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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“…Driven by bending and twisting motion of the heart, this PENG demonstrated a potential of powering the pacemaker for cardiovascular stimulation. [156,157] Compared to above indirect stimulations, direct stimulation is a more straightforward approach where the TENG/PENG could function as both power source and the pacing system. This strategy was demonstrated by Hwang et al in 2014 when they used a PENG to stimulate the heart of rat directly through two electrode leads (Figure 5c).…”

Section: Wearable and Implantable Pacemakersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Driven by bending and twisting motion of the heart, this PENG demonstrated a potential of powering the pacemaker for cardiovascular stimulation. [ 156,157 ]…”

Section: Wie Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable and Implantable Electroceuticals for Therapeutic Electrostimulations

Long

Yang

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

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Wearable and implantable electroceuticals (WIEs) for therapeutic electrostimulation (ES) have become indispensable medical devices in modern healthcare. In addition to functionality, device miniaturization, conformability, biocompatibility, and/or biodegradability are the main engineering targets for the development and clinical translation of WIEs. Recent innovations are mainly focused on wearable/implantable power sources, advanced conformable electrodes, and efficient ES on targeted organs and tissues. Herein, nanogenerators as a hotspot wearable/implantable energy-harvesting technique suitable for powering WIEs are reviewed. Then, electrodes for comfortable attachment and efficient delivery of electrical signals to targeted tissue/organ are introduced and compared. A few promising application directions of ES are discussed, including heart stimulation, nerve modulation, skin regeneration, muscle activation, and assistance to other therapeutic modalities.

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“…[12] An example is the implantable cardiac energy harvester that can convert the heart beating motion into electrical energy to power a pacemaker. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Since these devices directly contact human skins or organs, they need to be highly flexible, deformable, and biocompatible.Thanks to the recent advances in energy harvesting (EH) materials, researchers have developed many sustainable energy strategies for those wearable and implantable cardiac devices, one of the most prominent is the piezoelectric energy nanogenerator (PENG). [6] PENG is built on piezoelectric materials which exhibit piezoelectric effect, that is, the material will generate electricity when subject to mechanical stress or strain due to electric polarization in the material.…”

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confidence: 99%

Skin‐like Elastomer Embedded Zinc Oxide Nanoarrays for Biomechanical Energy Harvesting

Jin

Dong

Xü

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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mechanical energy from those motions to electrical energy to power the portable electronics or as a sensor to monitor vital physiological signals such as the heart rate and blood pressure. The latter is designed to be implanted inside the body usually via a thoracotomy surgery such as a cardiac pacemaker. [12] An example is the implantable cardiac energy harvester that can convert the heart beating motion into electrical energy to power a pacemaker. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Since these devices directly contact human skins or organs, they need to be highly flexible, deformable, and biocompatible.Thanks to the recent advances in energy harvesting (EH) materials, researchers have developed many sustainable energy strategies for those wearable and implantable cardiac devices, one of the most prominent is the piezoelectric energy nanogenerator (PENG). [6] PENG is built on piezoelectric materials which exhibit piezoelectric effect, that is, the material will generate electricity when subject to mechanical stress or strain due to electric polarization in the material. [21] Piezoelectricity exists in many different materials, including ceramics, single crystals, and polymers. Piezoelectric ceramics such as ZnO, BaTiO 3 (BTO), Pb(Zr x Ti 1-x )-O 3 (PZT), have high piezoelectric coefficient, but they are considered too rigid and fragile for use in wearable or implantable devices, and slight stretching can lead to material failure.

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In vivo cardiac power generation enabled by an integrated helical piezoelectric pacemaker lead

Cited by 64 publications

References 40 publications

Implantable Cardiac Kirigami‐Inspired Lead‐Based Energy Harvester Fabricated by Enhanced Piezoelectric Composite Film

Implantable Cardiac Kirigami‐Inspired Lead‐Based Energy Harvester Fabricated by Enhanced Piezoelectric Composite Film

Wearable and Implantable Electroceuticals for Therapeutic Electrostimulations

Skin‐like Elastomer Embedded Zinc Oxide Nanoarrays for Biomechanical Energy Harvesting

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