In-vivo blastocyst production and ovum yield among fertile women

Sauer, Mark V.; Bustillo, María; Rodi, Ingrid A.; Gorrill, Marsha J.; Buster, JohnE.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136617

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Women of proven fertility should not be excluded from donating oocytes simply because of their age. As previous human and baboon experience with the uterine lavage recovery of pre-embryos suggests, even among a cohort of females of proven fertility, variation exists (Sauer et al, 1987;Pope et al, 1983). Although ageing affects fertility, its effects may be less in this subclass of 'super-fertile' women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Efficacy of oocytes donated by older women in an oocyte donation programme

Wong¹,

Legro²,

Lindheim³

et al. 1996

Human Reproduction

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Population and insemination studies indicate that women experience declining fertility with ageing. The question therefore arises whether older women are suitable oocyte donors. This study addresses this issue by examining the relationship between oocyte donor age and clinical outcome in a large oocyte donation programme. We retrospectively reviewed data from 458 consecutive oocyte donation cycles completed by 164 different designated oocyte donors. Data were divided into two groups: group A, cycles with donors aged 21-30 years at the time of follicular aspiration (193 cycles, 88 donors); and group B, cycles with donors aged 31-40 years at the time of follicular aspiration (265 cycles, 86 donors). Five donors, because of ageing during repetitive donations, contributed data to groups A and B. In a given cycle, all oocytes for a recipient came from only one designated donor. Comparing the two donor groups, there was no difference in the amount of gonadotrophin used to achieve optimal stimulation; however, more oocytes were obtained from group A than group B donors (16.8 +/- 6.9 and 15.1 +/- 8.1 respectively, P < 0.05). Similar percentages of oocytes were fertilized in each group, resulting in the transfer of comparable numbers of embryos (4.5 +/- 1.1 and 4.4 +/- 1.3 respectively). Comparable clinical pregnancy rates were achieved (group A, 36%; group B, 37%). The spontaneous abortion rates were also similar (group A, 20%; group B, 12%), resulting in comparable ongoing and delivered pregnancy rates per cycle (group A, 29%; group B, 32%) and per embryo transferred (group A, 6.4%; group B, 7.3%). In conclusion, women of proven fertility should not be excluded from donating oocytes simply because of their age. There exists a cohort of fertile women who resist the decreasing fecundity and increasing spontaneous abortion rates associated with ageing. With careful screening, many women of proven fertility can donate oocytes until the age of 40 years with an efficacy equal to that of younger women. Given the relative shortage of suitable oocyte donors, and increasing requests from recipients with previous donor oocyte babies to obtain oocytes from the same, now older, donor, the findings of this study are of practical clinical importance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Efficacy of oocytes donated by older women in an oocyte donation programme

Wong¹,

Legro²,

Lindheim³

et al. 1996

Human Reproduction

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“…In the course of the present study, we recorded differences in the rate of human embryo cleavage that were associated with HLA-G expression. It has been proposed (27,28) that the cleavage rate of embryos may reflect their capacity to result in a successful pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HLA-G expression during preimplantation human embryo development.

Jurisicova

Casper

MacLusky

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

231

143

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HLA-G is a nonclassical class I major histocompatibility complex molecule with a restricted pattern of expression that includes the placental extravillus cytotrophoblast cells in direct contact with maternal tissues. Circumstantial evidence suggests that HLA-G may play a role in protection of the semiallogeneic human fetus. We examined whether HLA-G is expressed during the critical period of preimplantation human development and whether expression of this molecule could be correlated with the cleavage rate of embryos. Using reverse transcription PCR on surplus human embryos and unfertilized oocytes from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization we detected HLA-G heavy chain mRNA in 40% of 148 of blastocysts tested. The presence of HLA-G mRNA was also detected in unfertilized oocytes and in early embryos, but not in control cumulus oophorus cells. beta 2-Microglobulin mRNA was also found in those embryos expressing HLA-G. In concordance with our mRNA data, a similar proportion of embryos stained positive for HLA-G utilizing a specific monoclonal antibody. Interestingly, expression of HLA-G mRNA was associated with an increased cleavage rate, as compared to embryos lacking HLA-G transcript. Thus, HLA-G could be a functional homologue of the mouse Qa-2 antigen, which has been implicated in differences in the rate of preimplantation embryo development. To our knowledge, the presence of HLA-G mRNA and protein in human preimplantation embryos and oocytes has not been reported previously. The correlation of HLA-G mRNA expression with cleavage rate suggests that this molecule may play an important role in human pre-embryo development.

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“…Insemination around the time of ovulation in women of proven fertility was followed 5 days later by uterine lavage to recover ova 102– 105 . These data appear to hold promise for determining fertilisation efficiency and some authors have made quantitative inferences about embryo mortality from them 16, 19, 20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early embryo mortality in natural human reproduction: What the data say

Jarvis

2017

F1000Res

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It is generally accepted that natural human embryo mortality during pregnancy is high - losses of 70% and higher from fertilisation to birth are frequently claimed. The first external sign of pregnancy occurs two weeks after fertilisation with a missed menstrual period. Establishing the fate of embryos before this is challenging, and hampered by a lack of data on the efficiency of fertilisation under natural conditions. Four distinct sources are cited to justify quantitative claims regarding embryo loss: (i) a hypothesis published by Roberts & Lowe in is widely cited but has no quantitative value; (ii) life table analyses give consistent assessments of clinical pregnancy loss, but cannot illuminate losses at earlier stages of development; (iii) studies that measure human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) reveal losses in the second week of development and beyond, but not before; and (iv) the classic studies of Hertig and Rock offer the only direct insight into the fate of human embryos from fertilisation under natural conditions. Re-examination of Hertig's data demonstrates that his estimates for fertilisation rate and early embryo loss are highly imprecise and casts doubt on the validity of his numerical analysis. A recent re-analysis of hCG study data suggests that approximately 40-60% of embryos may be lost between fertilisation and birth, although this will vary substantially between individual women. In conclusion, it is clear that some published estimates of natural embryo mortality are exaggerated. Although available data do not provide a precise estimate, natural human embryo mortality is lower than is often claimed.

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In-vivo blastocyst production and ovum yield among fertile women

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Efficacy of oocytes donated by older women in an oocyte donation programme

Efficacy of oocytes donated by older women in an oocyte donation programme

HLA-G expression during preimplantation human embryo development.

Early embryo mortality in natural human reproduction: What the data say

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