In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Sophora flavescens residues

Hong-yan, MA; Huang, Qiuyu; Qu, Wenshan; Li, Linyuan; Wang, Min; Shao, Li; Chu, Fujiang

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.019

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Despite the well-studied biological activities of S. flavescens and its compounds, very little is known about the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the individual active compounds in different cells of the body. However, the anti-inflammatory activities of the crude extracts of S. flavescens have been described [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Stress Activities of Kushenol C Isolated from the Roots of Sophora flavescens

Cho¹,

Nchang

Kim

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Kushenol C (KC) is a prenylated flavonoid isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens aiton. Little is known about its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress activities. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects of KC in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells. The results demonstrated that KC dose-dependently suppressed the production of inflammatory mediators, including NO, PGE2, IL-6, IL1β, MCP-1, and IFN-β in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The study demonstrated that the inhibition of STAT1, STAT6, and NF-κB activations by KC might have been responsible for the inhibition of NO, PGE2, IL-6, IL1β, MCP-1, and IFN-β in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. KC also upregulated the expression of HO-1 and its activities in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The upregulation of Nrf2 transcription activities by KC in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages was demonstrated to be responsible for the upregulation of HO-1 expression and its activity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. In HaCaT cells, KC prevented DNA damage and cell death by upregulating the endogenous antioxidant defense system involving glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, which prevented reactive oxygen species production from tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells. The upregulated activation of Nrf2 and Akt in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by KC was demonstrated to be responsible for the anti-oxidative stress activity of KC in HaCaT cells. Collectively, the study suggests that KC can be further investigated as a potential anti-inflammatory candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Stress Activities of Kushenol C Isolated from the Roots of Sophora flavescens

Cho¹,

Nchang

Kim

et al. 2020

Molecules

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“…Flavonoid‐enriched natural products are well known for their beneficial effects on health, and efforts are made to isolate the flavonoids from these products 42 . In our study, we extracted the flavonoid‐enriched fraction from S. flavescens , a natural herb that has been widely used for the anti‐inflammation and antioxidant treatment in traditional medicine 43 . FSF consists of 2 major constituents; kurarinone and sophoraflavanone G, 7.2% and 2.1% in FSF, respectively, with the remaining constituents classified as minor unidentified flavonoid compounds according to our previous study 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…42 In our study, we extracted the flavonoid-enriched fraction from S. flavescens, a natural herb that has been widely used for the antiinflammation and antioxidant treatment in traditional medicine. 43 FSF consists of 2 major constituents; kurarinone and sophoraflavanone G, 7.2% and 2.1% in FSF, respectively, with the remaining constituents classified as minor unidentified flavonoid compounds according to our previous study. 27 According to one study, kurarinone and sophoraflavanone G were among the most abundant constituents in the flavonoid enriched fraction.…”

Section: Autophagy-related Genes Were Regulated By Fsf In Mh-s Cells mentioning

confidence: 98%

The flavonoids of Sophora flavescens exerts anti-inflammatory activity via promoting autophagy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-stimulated macrophages

Kan

Liu

Chan

et al. 2020

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Tuberculosis (TB), a highly infectious airborne disease, has remained a global health problem. Conventional treatment and preventions such as antibiotics and Bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine can be unreliable. In view of the increasing prevalence of anti-TB drug resistance, adjunctive therapy may be necessary to shorten the recovery time. We have previously shown that flavonoids in the medicinal herb Sophora flavescens exhibit anti-inflammatory and bactericidal activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular and cellular characteristics of flavonoids of S. flavescens (FSF) in BCG-stimulated macrophages for assessing their roles in antiinflammation and autophagy. Mouse alveolar macrophage (MH-S) cell line and primary mouse peritoneal macrophages were stimulated in vitro with heat-inactivated BCG and treated with FSF, with or without autophagy inhibitor Bafilomycin A1 (BafA1). Gene expression was analyzed using quantitative PCR, and cytokine/chemokine release was analyzed by Milliplex assay and ELISA. Autophagy-related proteins were quantified by Western blot and flow cytometry, and autophagolysosomes were detected using fluorescence microscopy. In both MH-S cell line and mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated by heat-inactivated BCG, FSF was found to upregulate autophagy-related proteins microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) and protein 62 (p62), and suppress the induced proinflammatory cytokine TNF-, CCL5, and IL-6. FSF actively modulates immune processes through suppressing BCG-mediated inflammation by promoting autophagy in MH-S cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages. We suggest that FSF may be useful as an adjunctive therapeutic agent for TB infection by modulating cell survival through autophagy and reducing inflammation.

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“…iNOS is closely associated with pathological inflammation since it upregulates the production of NO that interacts with O 2− to form ONOO − , resulting in endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory responses [ 31 ]. COX2 produces prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in activated macrophages from DNFB-sensitized mice [ 32 ]. PGE2 is the most abundant proteinoid, which affects inflammatory and immune events [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediococcus pentosaceus-Fermented Cordyceps militaris Inhibits Inflammatory Reactions and Alleviates Contact Dermatitis

Kwon

Song

Lee

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal mushroom used to treat immune-related diseases in East Asia. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract of C. militaris grown on germinated Rhynchosia nulubilis (GRC) fermented with Pediococcus pentosaceus ON89A isolated from onion (GRC-ON89A) in vivo as well as in vitro. The anti-inflammatory effect of GRC-ON89A was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in the GRC-ON89A ethanol extract were significantly increased compared to that in GRC. GRC-ON89A hexane fraction (GRC-ON89A-Hex) inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO) compared to that of the LPS-treated control without cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. GRC-ON89A-Hex decreased the inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, pre-treatment with GRC-ON89A-Hex significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. To induce allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), 1-fluoro-2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was applied to the surface of the right ears of C57BL/6N mice. GRC-ON89A reduced the ear swelling and thickness in DNFB-induced ACD mice. This study demonstrates the potential usefulness of GRC-ON89A as an anti-inflammatory dietary supplement or drug.

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In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Sophora flavescens residues

Cited by 40 publications

References 25 publications

In vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Stress Activities of Kushenol C Isolated from the Roots of Sophora flavescens

In vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Stress Activities of Kushenol C Isolated from the Roots of Sophora flavescens

The flavonoids of Sophora flavescens exerts anti-inflammatory activity via promoting autophagy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-stimulated macrophages

Pediococcus pentosaceus-Fermented Cordyceps militaris Inhibits Inflammatory Reactions and Alleviates Contact Dermatitis

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