In Vivo and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Brown Spider Venom for Blood Vessel Endothelial Cells

Veiga, Sílvio Sanches; Zanetti, Vera C; Franco, Célia Regina C.; Trindade, Edvaldo da Silva; Porcionatto, Marimélia; Mangili, Oldemir C.; Gremski, Waldemiro; Dietrich, Carl P.; Nader, Helena B.

doi:10.1016/s0049-3848(01)00254-7

Cited by 58 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Under transmission electron microscopy, Veiga et al (38) observed the presence of endothelial cell degeneration, characterized by vacuoles on the vessel walls of rabbits skin, four hours after the injection of 30 µg of L. intermedia crude venom. Despite of the morphological evidences of apoptosis, the authors did not consider the occurrence of this kind of death cell in that study (38). According to them, loxoscelic venom has a deleterious effect due to destruction of components that are responsible for endothelial cells adhesion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As stated by Bombeli et al (39), apoptotic endothelial cells become procoagulant due to increased expression of phosphatidylserine and loss of anticoagulant components of the cytoplasmic membrane. Thus, apoptotic endothelial cells contribute to the development of a pro-thrombogenic state (38). Consequently, the presence of apoptotic endothelial cells can contribute to the thrombosis pathogenesis on the cutaneous loxoscelism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histopathological characterization of experimentally induced cutaneous loxoscelism in rabbits inoculated with Loxosceles similis venom

Pereira

Kalapothakis

Vasconcelos

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Abstract:Envenomation by Loxosceles bites is characterized by dermonecrotic and/or systemic features that lead to several clinical signs and symptoms called loxoscelism. Dermonecrotic lesions are preceded by thrombosis of the dermal plexus. Recent studies show that atheromatous plaque is prone to thrombosis due to endothelial cell apoptosis. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of microscopic dermal lesion and endothelial cell apoptosis induced by Loxosceles similis venom in the literature. Thus, the aim of the present study is to describe histological lesions induced by L. similis venom in rabbit skin and to elucidate whether apoptosis of endothelial cells is involved in the pathogenesis of loxoscelism. Forty male rabbits were split into two groups: the control group (intradermally injected with 50 µL of PBS) and the experimental group (intradermally injected with 0.5 µg of L. similis crude venom diluted in 50 µL of PBS). After 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours of injection, skin fragments were collected and processed for paraffin or methacrylate embedding. Sections of 5 µm thick were stained by HE, PAS or submitted to TUNEL reaction. Microscopically, severe edema, diffuse heterophilic inflammatory infiltrate, perivascular heterophilic infiltrate, thrombosis, fibrinoid necrosis of arteriolar wall and cutaneous muscle necrosis were observed. Two hours after venom injection, endothelial cells with apoptosis morphology were evidenced in the dermal plexus. Apoptosis was confirmed by TUNEL reaction. It seems that endothelial cell apoptosis and its consequent desquamation is an important factor that induces thrombosis and culminates in dermonecrosis, which is characteristic of cutaneous loxoscelism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological characterization of experimentally induced cutaneous loxoscelism in rabbits inoculated with Loxosceles similis venom

Pereira

Kalapothakis

Vasconcelos

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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“…Furthermore, these enzymes have an important role in the pathogenesis observed in envenomation, particularly inducing hemorrhage into the dermis, injury of blood vessels, imperfect platelet adhesion, and the defective wound healing observed in some cases. Likewise, these metalloproteases can also render tissue structures more permeable, facilitating other noxious toxins to spread throughout the body of victims (Veiga et al, 2000;Veiga et al, 2001b).…”

Section: Loxosceles Venommentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Snake and Arthropod Venoms

Berger¹,

Vieira²,

Guimarães³

2012

Renal Failure - The Facts

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“…In the present section we review the current knowledge about the mechanisms underlying the inflammatory responses induced by Brazilian spider venoms (and their toxins) in experimental animals and humans, giving particular attention to both Phoneutria and Loxosceles venoms. Several good revisions covering all aspects of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology of spider venom and its neurotoxins have been published elsewhere and can be explored for further studies [228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236][237][238][239][240][241][242][243].…”

Section: Spiders Of Medical Importance In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro and Antiinflammatory Properties of Toxins from Animal Venoms

Farsky

Antunes²,

Mello³

2005

CDTIA

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Accidents evoked by venomous animals are common in tropical regions. In Brazil, envenomation evoked by snakes, spiders and scorpions are an important public health problem. Their venoms are composed of a great number of toxins, which are capable of acting on tissue and plasma components with consequent toxic and pharmacological effects. On the other hand, the diversity of venom composition makes them important source of toxins that can be employed as scientific tools. Here we describe the mechanisms of anti and pro-inflammatory properties of toxins of Bothrops and Crotalus genus snakes and Loxosceles and Phoneutria genus spider venoms. The emphasis was to summarise, both in vivo and in vitro, studies that focused on the action of phospholipases, metalloproteinases and sphingomyelinase D on vascular and cellular aspects of the process as well as the complex network of chemical mediators involved.

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In Vivo and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Brown Spider Venom for Blood Vessel Endothelial Cells

Cited by 58 publications

References 24 publications

Histopathological characterization of experimentally induced cutaneous loxoscelism in rabbits inoculated with Loxosceles similis venom

Histopathological characterization of experimentally induced cutaneous loxoscelism in rabbits inoculated with Loxosceles similis venom

Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Snake and Arthropod Venoms

Pro and Antiinflammatory Properties of Toxins from Animal Venoms

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