In Vivo and In Vitro Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Compounds Isolated from Micromeria biflora (Buch. Ham. ex D.Don) Benth

Abstract

Micromeria biflora, a traditional medicinal plant, is extensively used for treating various painful conditions, such as nose bleeds, wounds, and sinusitis. A phytochemical investigation of the chloroform fraction of Micromeria biflora led to the isolation of salicylalazine. Salicylalazine was assessed in vivo for analgesia, muscle relaxation, sedative, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as in vitro for COX-1/2 inhibition activities. It was assessed against a hot plate-induced model at different doses. The muscle relaxant potential of salicylalazine was evaluated in traction and inclined screening models, while sedative properties were determined using an open-field model. The anti-inflammatory potential of salicylalazine was assessed in histamine and carrageenan-induced paw edema screening models. Salicylalazine exhibited significant analgesic potential in a dose-dependent manner. In both screening models, an excellent time-dependent muscle-relaxation effect was observed. Salicylalazine demonstrated excellent sedation at high doses. Its anti-inflammatory activity was determined through the initial and late phases of edema. It exhibited anticancer potential against NCI-H226, HepG2, A498, and MDR2780AD cell lines. In vitro, salicylalazine showed preferential COX-2 inhibition (over COX-1) with an SI value of 4.85. It was less effective in the initial phase, while, in the later phase, it demonstrated significant effects at 15 and 20 mg/kg doses compared with the negative control. Salicylalazine did not exhibit cytotoxicity in the MTT assay, preliminarily indicating its safety.

Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Properties of the Subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) in Inflammatory Diseases

“…Ham. ex D.Don) Benth., prepared as chloroform extracts of flowers, root, and aerial part, respectively, which demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in the murine model of edema induced with carrageenan [123][124][125]. Polar extracts of Asterohyptis stellulata (Benth.)…”

Green synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of Iron nanoparticles synthesized from the alcoholic extract of the aerial part of Micromeria biflora (Buch. Ham. ex D.Don) Benth

“…The genus Micromeria (Lamiaceae family) is useful in treating colds, wounds, headaches, skin infections in cattle, and cardiac problems. Leaf powder combined with oil is used to treat fungal infections and ulcers [18,19]. This genus includes over 100 species, which are extensively dispersed worldwide.…”