In vitro α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities of tuber extracts of Kedrostis africana (L.) Cogn

Unuofin, Jeremiah Oshiomame; Otunola, Gloria Aderonke; Afolayan, Anthony Jide

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00810

Cited by 59 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, SBAE and CSE demonstrated reliable inhibitory activity (50.60 ± 0.80, 48.52 ± 0.39%, respectively) ( Table 2). Our results are in good agreement with Unuofin et al 31 who reported that ethanol extract of Kedrostis africana tubers revealed 54.30 ± 0.79% α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.…”

Section: α-Amylase Inhibition Activity Diabetes Is One Of the Main Ssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…SRB assay is sensitive and high-throughput method for evaluating cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. The assay is independent from cell metabolic activity which is not obstructed by test compounds and very simple to perform 31,33 . The GI 50 , TGI (cytostatic activity) and LC 50 (cytotoxic activity) values were calculated for each extract against two cancer cell lines, viz.…”

Section: Anticancer Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient extraction of cucurbitacins from Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey: Optimization using response surface methodology, extraction methods and study of some important bioactivities

Patel

Attar

Sakate

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey is an important medicinal plant used in several reproductive medicines. It serves as a wide source of tetracyclic triterpens called cucurbitacins. Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken design (BBD) was studied to optimize the production of cucurbitacins. RSM put forth the ideal conditions such as 1:30 SS ratio (g/mL), 80 rpm (mixing extraction speed), 150 µm mean particle size, 30 min extraction time and 50 °C using chloroform in continuous shaking extraction (CSE) and showed the highest cucurbitacin I (CUI) content (2.345 ± 0.1686 mg/g DW). Similarly, the highest yield of cucurbitacin B (CUB) (1.584 ± 0.15 mg/g DW) was recorded at ideal conditions (1:40 g/mL SS ratio and 60 min time and others similar to CUI). Among the tested extraction methods, the highest CUI, CUB, and CUI + B yield (1.437 ± 0.03, 0.782 ± 0.10, 2.17 ± 0.35 mg/g DW, respectively) as well as promising DPPH radical scavenging activity (25.06 ± 0.1 µgAAE/g DW) were recorded from the SBAE (steam bath assisted extraction). In addition, MAE and UAE revealed the highest inhibition of α-amylase (68.68%) and α-glucosidase (56.27%) enzymes, respectively. Fruit extracts showed potent anticancer activity against breast (MCF-7) and colon (HT-29) cancer cell lines (LC 50 -44.27 and 46.88 µg/mL, respectively). Our study proved that SS ratio, particle size and temperature were the most positively influencing variables and served to be the most efficient for the highest recovery of CUI and CUB. Based on the present study, the fruits of D. palmatus were revealed as a potent antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anticancer bio-resource that could be explored further to develop novel drug to manage diabetes, cancer and oxidative stress related disorders.The plants from the family Cucurbitaceae are commonly called as melons, squashes, and gourds which are traditionally used in the human diet. It comprises 122 genera and 940 species of which 31 genera and 94 species are found in India 1 . Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey is a slender-stemmed tendril climber commonly called as Shivlingi. Traditionally, this plant has been used in the folk medicine and possesses several activities such as gynaecological, anti-asthmatic, anti-convulsant, anti-venom, anti-inflammatory, androgenic and antioxidant 2-4 . The family Cucurbitaceae has been recognized as a rich source of bitter compounds, called cucurbitacins 5 . The cucurbitacins are highly unsaturated triterpenes containing many keto-, hydroxy-and acetoxy-groups. They are the major active components in traditional medicine, herbal remedies and Pharmacopoeia to treat various health issues such as hepatoprotective, anti-fertility, diabroticites cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory activities 6 . In a recent study, cucurbitacin I (CUI) has been identified as a strong inhibitor of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway (a common oncogenic signaling pathway), which is constitutively activated in many types of cancer; hence, it is considered as a milestone in cancer therapy 7 . Similarly...

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Section: α-Amylase Inhibition Activity Diabetes Is One Of the Main Ssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Anticancer Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient extraction of cucurbitacins from Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey: Optimization using response surface methodology, extraction methods and study of some important bioactivities

Patel

Attar

Sakate

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Phenolic compounds have been implicated in altering inflammatory activity (CRP, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), transpirational factor enzymes (NF-κB, PPARγ), and genes pertinent for the occurrence of T2DM [230]. Researchers have explored different parts of plants for their antioxidant and antidiabetic properties [231][232][233]. Some antioxidants present in the human body such as glutathione and thioredoxin mop up ROS via the donation of reducing equivalents in the form of a hydrogen atom or electron to the free radicals, thus making them less harmful in the body system.…”

Section: Potentials Of Phytochemicals In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Review

Unuofin

Lebelo

2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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152

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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that majorly affects the endocrine gland, and it is symbolized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance owing to deficient insulin secretory responses and beta cell dysfunction. This ailment affects as many as 451 million people worldwide, and it is also one of the leading causes of death. In spite of the immense advances made in the development of orthodox antidiabetic drugs, these drugs are often considered not successful for the management and treatment of T2DM due to the myriad side effects associated with them. Thus, the exploration of medicinal herbs and natural products as therapeutic sources for the treatment of T2DM is promoted because they have little or no side effects. Bioactive molecules isolated from natural sources have been proven to lower blood glucose levels via regulating one or more of the following mechanisms: improvement of beta cell function, insulin resistance, glucose (re)absorption, and glucagon-like peptide-1 homeostasis. In recent times, the mechanisms of action of different bioactive molecules with antidiabetic properties and phytochemistry are gaining a lot of attention in the area of drug discovery. This review article presents an update of the findings from clinical research into medicinal plant therapy for T2DM.

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“…Over the years, a myriad of conventional drugs (lorcaserin, naltrexone-bupropion, and sibutramine) have been administered for the management and treatment of obesity [8], but their numerous side effects (anxiousness, fatigue, flatulence, headache and insomnia) have caused them to be withdrawn from the market [6,9,10]. Therefore, plant-derived medicines in the form of herbal remedies and natural products have gained attention as first lines of protection in public health for contending with diseases and their complications [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, plant-derived medicines in the form of herbal remedies and natural products have gained attention as first lines of protection in public health for contending with diseases and their complications [11]. Though these herbal remedies are enriched with diverse bioactive constituents with therapeutic efficacy for the management of obesity and other comorbidities, the presence of toxic materials in these remedies could be a demerit to their usage [10,12]. It is thus essential to find out the toxicity levels of herbal remedies in order to ascertain their safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Key Enzymes Linked to Obesity and Cytotoxic Activities of Whole Plant Extracts of Vernonia mesplilfolia Less

2019

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The whole plant of Vernonia mespilifolia is widely used as a traditional remedy for obesity in South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-obesity and cytotoxic effects of Vernonia mespilifolia extracts in vitro. The α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase inhibitory activities of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Vernonia mespilifolia were investigated, while the cytotoxic effects of these extracts were analyzed using Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (PI) dual staining on a human cervical HeLa cell line. The results showed that the LC50 (the concentration of a material will kill 50% of test organisms) values of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Vernonia mespilifolia were >200 and 149 µg/mL, respectively, to HeLa cells. Additionally, the ethanol extract exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the pancreatic lipase (Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 331.16 µg/mL) and on α-amylase (IC50 = 781.72 µg/mL), while the aqueous extract has the strongest α-glucosidase (IC50 = 450.88 µg/mL). Our results suggest that Vernonia mespilifolia’s acclaimed anti-obesity effects could be ascribed to its ability to inhibit both carbohydrate and fat digesting enzymes.

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In vitro α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities of tuber extracts of Kedrostis africana (L.) Cogn

Cited by 59 publications

References 43 publications

Efficient extraction of cucurbitacins from Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey: Optimization using response surface methodology, extraction methods and study of some important bioactivities

Efficient extraction of cucurbitacins from Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey: Optimization using response surface methodology, extraction methods and study of some important bioactivities

Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Review

Inhibition of Key Enzymes Linked to Obesity and Cytotoxic Activities of Whole Plant Extracts of Vernonia mesplilfolia Less

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