In vitro Tissue Culture, a Tool for the Study and Breeding of Plants Subjected to Abiotic Stress Conditions

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TEA (Camellia sinensis L.) MICROSHOOTS in vitro: THE NORM, OSMOTIC STRESS, AND EFFECTS OF CALCIUM

“…При этом практически не охвачены вопросы углубленного понимания метаболизма молодых побегов чая при экзогенном воздействии ряда биогенных элементов и других веществ. В то же время эти аспекты широко исследуются на других культурах, где в качестве «моделей засухи» используют агаризованные питательные среды с добавлением в них осмотически активных веществ (19)(20)(21). Это позволяет эффективно контролировать величину водного потенциала, что существенно для обеспечения высокой точности, воспроизводимости и сравнительной оценки различных экспериментов (22).…”

Informativeness of Biochemical Indicators Under the Induction of Osmotic Stress for Tea (Camellia Sinensis (L.) Kuntze) in Vitro

“…К тому же, в полевых условиях на растение оказывают влияние множество факторов, поэтому не представляется возможным выявить механизмы ответа на отдельные абиотические стрессовые факторы. Моделирование стрессовых условий in vitro -метод, который может позволить более глубоко понять физиологию и биохимию растений под воздействием отдельных стрессовых факторов [9].…”

Agroecological impact of an in vitro biotechnology approach of embryo development and seed filling in legumes

“…In this context, a number of biotechnology-based breeding approaches offer alternatives to conventional methods to generate novel genotypes with an enhanced resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses and coupled with an improved yield Rai et al 2011;Pérez-Clemente and Gómez-Cadenas 2012;Campanelli et al 2013). In many species, applying such approaches to preexisting genotypes for in vitro selection and/or gene transfer would significantly accelerate the breeding process, which would otherwise require a large number of successive generations to fix the novel resistance traits acquired in the genome thereby ensuring their heritability in the progeny.…”

“…Parallel to this, attempts have been undertaken at genetically manipulating flower induction for an increased precocity via the overexpression of genes such as Terminal Flower 1 (TFL1) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (Hanano and Goto 2011), homologous of which have been found in many herbaceous species but also in fruit (Esumi et al 2005(Esumi et al , 2010Wang and Pijut 2013) and forest tree species (Igasaki et al 2008;Mohamed et al 2010). On the other hand, regenerating haploid plants from unfertilised gametes followed by chromosome doubling of regenerants to yield fertile double-haploid plants would permit to achieve homozygosity in a single generation (Lülsdorf et al 2011;Pérez-Clemente and Gómez-Cadenas 2012). However, both pathways for haploid plant production (i.e.…”

“…Establishing reproducible and efficient strategies for the regeneration in vitro of fertile and true-to-type plants either issued from haplo-diploidisation as in chickpea ), in vitro selection for stress tolerance (Campanelli et al 2013;Elmaghrabi et al 2013) as in Medicago, or genetic transformation plus in vitro selection as in common bean (Kwapata et al 2012), soybean and other legumes (Dita et al 2006) and avoiding to a maximum the risk of undesired somaclonal variations, is a prerequisite for the exploitation of biotechnology for breeding Pérez-Clemente and Gómez-Cadenas 2012). However, this process encompasses several hiccups in terms of the induction of embryogenesis in vitro which is quite difficult in the socalled recalcitrant crops due, amongst other reasons, to generalised recalcitrance to regeneration, negative effects on regeneration of phenolic substances, strong genotype dependency, tendency for regeneration of hyperhydric and/or cytogenetically abnormal individuals with recovery of subfertile plants and, generally, an incomplete knowledge on the genetic determinism of the induction of embryogenesis followed by efficient germination of somatic embryos in vitro and subsequent regeneration of viable plants Ikeuchi et al 2013).…”