In vitro selection for improved chlorsulfuron tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Baillie, A. M. R.; Rossnagel, B. G.; Kartha, K.K.

doi:10.1007/bf00022738

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The present work indicates that ALS activity is inhibited by chlorsulfuron in both lentil cultivars used with differences between the radiated and the non-radiated plants in each cultivar, and that the inhibition of the enzyme activity increased with the increase of chlorsulfuron concentration. Similar results have previously been reported in many plants such as garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) (Ray 1984), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Newhouse et al 1992;Dastgheib & Field 1998), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Baillie et al 1993), soybean (Glycine max L.) (Simpson & Stoller 1996), corn (Zea mays L.) (Shaner et al 1984), and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) . The inhibition level of the ALS-enzyme activity in Jordan 2 cultivar was greater than Jordan 1, and the 90 Gray treatment of both cultivars proved to be the lowest radiation dose resulting in inhibition of chlorsulfuron effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Acetolactate synthase activity and chlorsulfuron sensitivity of gamma-irradiated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivars

2003

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SU MMARYLentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivars (Jordan 1 and Jordan 2) were sensitized to chlorsulfuron herbicide. Both cultivars were subjected to three doses of gamma-irradiation (90, 100 and 110 Gray) to develop plants tolerant/resistant to this herbicide. The herbicide-tolerant plants as well as the sensitized plants were subjected to acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme assay to reveal the biochemical basis of plant tolerance. The results indicated that as the radiation dose increased, the tolerance to the herbicide application decreased in both lentil cultivars. Cultivar Jordan 1 showed sensitivity to chlorsulfuron herbicide at all treatments compared with that of Jordan 2. ALS enzyme activity in the two lentil cultivars was inhibited by chlorsulfuron. The irradiated plants (90 Gray) in both treated seeds plants (M1) and seeds of tolerant plants (M2) showed a lower level of inhibition to high concentration (250 mg/l) of chlorsulfuron herbicide. The results suggested an alteration of the expression system of ALS gene(s) leading to overproduction of altered ALS enzyme at the herbicide binding site of the enzyme in lentil plant.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Acetolactate synthase activity and chlorsulfuron sensitivity of gamma-irradiated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivars

2003

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“…Cell culture systems can also be used to apply selection pressures (herbicides, salinity, etc. ) in order to select and regenerate resistant plants (Baillie et al, 1993a;Escorial et al, 1996). Many studies involving plant regeneration from cultured cells have been reported in the Graminaceous species, but no generally applicable method has been developed that is successful across species or even, in many cases, across genotypes within a single species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Callus formation and plant regeneration from immature and mature embryos of rye (Secale cereale L.)

Ward

Jordan

2001

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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An efficient protocol was developed to regenerate entire plants from immature embryos of elite genotypes of rye as a prerequisite to plant transformation. Three winter genotypes and one spring genotype were tested using both immature and mature embryos as explants. Four types of callus initiation media and five kinds of regeneration media were tested in all possible combinations. Immature embryos gave much higher levels of plant regeneration than mature embryos, but mature embryos could be induced to regenerate plants for all genotypes and media tested, although at low levels. A minimum stage of embryo development must be reached before embryos can be cultured successfully. Genotypic effects were less pronounced than those reported for inbred cereal species such as wheat and barley, but there was an effect of genotype on percentage of callus formation. There was a significant interaction between genotype and initiation media. Composition of the initiation media affected both the percentage of callus formation from embryos and subsequent frequencies of plant regeneration. Composition of the regeneration media had no effect on level of plant regeneration. Immature embryos of all genotypes tested could be induced to produce 90±100% callus on appropriate initiation media and all regenerated shoots from approximately one-half to three-quarters of the calluses produced.

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“…In vitro selection was quickly embraced by plant pathologists and plant breeders alike to select for resistance to plant pathogens producing toxins involved in pathogenesis (for reviews see Buiatti and Ingram 1991;Svabova and Lebeda 2005). There has also been an interest over the years in selecting for salt tolerance (e.g., Karadimova and Djambova 1993;Winicov 1996;Zhang et al 2001;Dziadczyk et al 2003;Queiros et al 2007;Hamrouni et al 2008;He et al 2009) and herbicide resistance (e.g., Kinoshita and Mori 1991;Pofelis et al 1992;Baillie et al 1993;Escorial et al 1996;Taregyan et al 2001;Yu et al 2004;Gurel et al 2008) using such culture systems.…”

Section: Technology-based Breedingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Functional Genomics For Crop Improvement

Ganeshan

Sharma

Chibbar

2009

Molecular Techniques in Crop Improvement

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Plant breeding has had a tremendous influence on crop improvement. However, due to dwindling germplasm resources, identification of variability for incorporation into new cultivars is becoming more difficult. Therefore, there has been recourse to alternative approaches including mutagenesis, tissue culture and genetic transformation to aid breeding programs. Furthermore, with the vast repertoire of genome-wide data from different expression profiling techniques such as microarrays, more subtle understanding of gene expression is being obtained and is further helping plant breeders to entertain a different selection approach based on expression quantitative traits to maximize combinations of genes capable of conferring high performance. In this chapter, we review some of the aspects of plant breeding and the influence functional genomics has on breeding programs. Some of the challenges to functional genomics and breeding come from establishment of high-throughput transformation systems to assess gene function, which is limiting functional characterization of numerous genes in their respective crops. Therefore, this chapter also focuses on the need to gain better understanding of the development of gene transfer systems for crop plants to make use of the array of available gene information data.

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In vitro selection for improved chlorsulfuron tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Acetolactate synthase activity and chlorsulfuron sensitivity of gamma-irradiated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivars

Acetolactate synthase activity and chlorsulfuron sensitivity of gamma-irradiated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) cultivars

Callus formation and plant regeneration from immature and mature embryos of rye (Secale cereale L.)

Functional Genomics For Crop Improvement

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