In vitro propagation of oak (Quereus robur L.) and linden (Tilia cordata Mill.)

Vegetative propagation of oak (Quercus robur and Q petraea) by cutting and tissue culture

“…For (Bonga, 1982(Bonga, , 1987Durzan, 1984Durzan, , 1990 (Schaffalitzky de Muckadell, 1954, 1959. Experiments with various tree species (Bonga, 1982(Bonga, , 1987Hartmann and Kester, 1983;Franclet et al, 1987) (Chalupa, 1979(Chalupa, , 1981(Chalupa, , 1983(Chalupa, , 1984Bellarosa, 1981;Pardos, 1981;Vieitez et al, 1985) and proved to be effective. Recently the system has been refined (Bennett and Davies, 1986;Meier-Dinkel, 1987;Chalupa, 1988Chalupa, , 1990bSan-José et al, 1988, 1990 (Chalupa, 1987a(Chalupa, , 1990cSasaki et al, 1988;Gingas and Lineberger, 1989 …”

“…Callus formation was stimulated (Jacquiot, 1952;Seckinger, et al 1979;Srivastava and Steinhauer, 1982), however, plant propagation was not achieved. A system based on in vitro multiplication of shoots from axillary buds has been developed (Chalupa, 1979(Chalupa, , 1981(Chalupa, , 1983(Chalupa, , 1984Bellarosa, 1981;Pardos, 1981;Vieitez et al, 1985). Micropropagated plantlets were transplanted into soil and later were planted in the field.…”

“…Micropropagated plantlets were transplanted into soil and later were planted in the field. The system of axillary-shoot multiplication was used for micropropagation of various oak species: Q robur and Q petraea (Chalupa, 1979(Chalupa, , 1981(Chalupa, , 1983(Chalupa, , 1984(Chalupa, , 1985(Chalupa, , 1987b(Chalupa, , 1988(Chalupa, , 1990bVietez et al 1985;Pevalek-Kozlina and Jelaska 1986;Civinová and Sladky, 1987;Favre and Juncker, 1987;Meier-Dinkel, 1987;SanJosé et al 1988SanJosé et al , 1990Juncker and Favre, 1989;Volkaert et al, 1990), Q suber (Bellarosa, 1981(Bellarosa, , 1989Pardos, 1981; Manzanera and Pardos, 1990), Q Shumardii (Bennett and Davies, 1986), Q acutissima (Ide and Yamamoto, 1986;Sato et al, 1987), Q serrata (Ide and Yamamoto, 1987) and Q lobata (Johnson and Walker, 1990 (Chalupa, 1985(Chalupa, , 1987a(Chalupa, , 1990cJörgensen, 1988), Q suber (El Maataoui and Espagnac, 1987), Q acutissima (Sasaki et al, 1988), Q rubra and Q alba (Gingas and Lineberger, 1989) (Gresshoff and Doy, 1972), BTM (Chalupa, 1984), or Woody plant medium (WPM) (Lloyd and McCown, 1980). The basal media were supplemented with glutamine (100 mg·l -1 ).…”

Micropropagation and ex vitro rooting of several clones of late-flushing Quercus robur L

“…Shoots derived form subcultured shoot tips and nodal segments had a low rooting and survival rate (21 %) after 4 months. 56% of shoots derived from subcultured basal segments with a callus, rooted (Chalupa, 1984(Chalupa, , 1988 (Vieitez et al, 1985;Evers et al, 1987;San José et al, 1988, 1990Juncker and Favre, 1989) as well as plants in soil (Meier-Dinkel, 1987;Chalupa, 1988) (Jörgensen, 1990 …”

Histological observation of changes in leaf structure during successive micropropagation stages in Aralia elata and Phellodendron amurense

“…At these stages (R1-A3), the SP/PP ratio was almost the same, whereas the cell size and arrangement were different in pattern; the PP thickness gradually increased, as did the LT, although the SP thickness did not show a definite trend. This may be due BT, Broad-leaved tree medium (Chalupa 1984); MS, Murashige and Skoog medium (Murashige and Skoog 1962); BAP, 6-benzyl aminopurine; NAA, a-naphyalene acetic acid; IBA, indole-3-butyric acid; M1, shoot multiproliferation stage; M2, pre-rooting stage; R1, root induction stage; R2, root elongation stage; A1 and A2, acclimataization stages, with persistent leaves 1 week (A1) and 4-6 weeks (A2) after transfer to vermiculite; A3, acclimataization stage on soil with ex vitro new leaves onto soil.…”