In Vitro Propagation, Encapsulation, and Genetic Fidelity Analysis of Terminalia arjuna: a Cardioprotective Medicinal Tree

Abstract

The present study described an improved and reproducible in vitro regeneration system for Terminalia arjuna using nodal segment explants obtained from a mature plant. Shoot tips excised from in vitro proliferated shoots were encapsulated in 3 % sodium alginate and 100 mM CaCl2[Symbol: see text]2H2O for the development of synthetic seeds which may be applicable in short-term storage and germplasm exchange of elite genotype. Shoot multiplication was significantly influenced by a number of factors, namely types and concentrations of plant growth regulators, medium composition, repeated transfer of mother explants, subculturing of in vitro regenerated shoot clumps, agar concentrations, and temperature. Maximum numbers of shoots (16.50 ± 3.67) were observed on modified Murashige and Skoog (MMS) medium containing 0.5 mg l(-1) of benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.1 mg l(-1) of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). To shortening the regeneration pathway, rooting of micropropagated shoots under in vitro condition was excluded and an experiment on ex vitro rooting was conducted and it was observed that the highest percentage of shoots rooted ex vitro when treated with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA, 250 mg l(-1)) + 2-naphthoxy acetic acid (NOA, 250 mg l(-1)) for 5 min. The well-developed ex vitro rooted shoots were acclimatized successfully in soilrite under greenhouse conditions with 80 % survival of plants. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis confirmed that all the regenerated plants were genetically identical to the mother plant, suggesting the absence of detectable genetic variation in the regenerated plantlets. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on synthetic seed production as well as ex vitro rooting and genetic fidelity assessment of micropropagated shoots of T. arjuna.

Genetic Homogeneity Revealed Using SCoT, ISSR and RAPD Markers in Micropropagated Pittosporum eriocarpum Royle- An Endemic and Endangered Medicinal Plant

“…To overcome this, it is a prerequisite to validate the genetic homogeneity to authenticate the quality of micropropagated plants for commercial use. The genetic homogeneity amongst the micropropagated plants with mother plant has been assessed by PCR based molecular markers, i.e., AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism), ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats), RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA), SCoT (Start codon targeted) and SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) [ 12 – 14 ].…”

Regeneration of soapnut tree through somatic embryogenesis and assessment of genetic fidelity through ISSR and RAPD markers

“…RAPD alone has been successfully applied for evaluation of clonal fidelity in many micropropagated woody plants such as Terminalia arjuna (Gupta et al 2014), S. mangifera (Tripathi et al 2012) and S. trifoliatus (Asthana et al 2011). Similarly, ISSR was also applied for evaluation of genetic homogeneity in Tylophora indica (Sharma et al 2014) and Ochreinauclea missionis (Chandrika and Rai 2009).…”

Conservation, Regeneration and Genetic Stability of Regenerants from Alginate-Encapsulated Shoot Explants of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis

“…In the present study, the combination of 2.5% sodium alginate with 100 mM of calcium chloride for a 30 min complexation time resulted in the formation of high quality beads, easy to handle (hardness 0.27 ± 0.02 N), followed by an unimpeded germination response. The use for complexation 100 mM calcium chloride for 30 min has been reported for many woody plant species such as Photinia fraseri and Syringa vulgaris [47], Simmondsia chinensis [51], Rauvolfia tetraphylla [23], Acacia hybrids [31], Nerium oleander [47,50], Terminalia arjuna [62], grapevine rootstock '5BB' [19], Celastrus paniculatus [60], Viburnum dentatum [29], and several others.…”