In vitro performance of injectable chitosan-tripolyphosphate scaffolds combined with platelet-rich plasma

Abstract

Due to their minimally invasive implantation procedures, injectable scaffolds have being widely investigated and are considered promising in tissue engineering [1]. From the clinical perspective, the use of injectable scaffolds is advantageous because it minimizes patient discomfort, the risk of infection and scarring, and the cost of treatment [2]. Furthermore, injectable scaffolds can homogeneously fill the defect or repair point and can incorporate cells and various therapeutic agents such as growth factors prior to injection [3]. From the biomaterial perspective, adequate injectable scaffolds must be nontoxic, biodegradable, and sterilizable. Moreover, they must solidify under mild conditions, show mechanical strength and resistance to in situ forces and allow for the incorporation of bioactive molecules. Various types of biodegradable materials have been proposed for the preparation of injectable scaffolds used in tissue engineering. Considerable attention has been given to chitosan-based materials, primarily due to their similarities with the extracellular matrix, chemical versatility, good biological performance, and specific cellular interactions [4]. Chitosan scaffolds has been prepared as hydrogels by physical associatiation [5], coordination with metal ions [6] and chemical crosslinking [7]. However, the use of chemical crosslinking

Sustained release of multicomponent platelet‐rich plasma proteins from hydrolytically degradable PEG hydrogels

“…Intraarticular delivery of PRP from gelatin microspheres showed significantly reduced development of OA in rabbit knee compared to direct injection of PRP over 10 weeks . Similar results of superior repair have been reported upon sustained PRP delivery from other natural hydrogels, indicating the importance of sustained and localized release.…”

Oral Immunization of FMDV Vaccine Using pH-Sensitive and Mucoadhesive Thiolated Cellulose Acetate Phthalate Microparticles

“…However, degradation of antigen in acidic stomach and enzymatic condition, low oral bioavailability and short residence time of antigen at target site make oral vaccination very difficult [10]. Therefore, orally administered vaccine requires protection from the harsh gastric condition and long residence time of vaccine at mucosal site [8,11,12]. Bifunctional polymers having pH-sensitivity and mucoadhesivity have been used as effective carriers for oral vaccination.…”

Synthesis and Biocompatibility Characterizations of in Situ Chondroitin Sulfate–Gelatin Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering

“…11 Inflammatory response of the 10% CS-gelatin hydrogel as measured by the nitric oxide assay TCEP was in advance separately sterilized and the fabricated gels was targeted to be applied directly into a patient, thus no reason going back to the processes of drying, swelling and injection of the hydrogel fabricated. Applications of release of bioactive molecules from tissue engineering scaffold were recently reported in bone, cartilage [32] and other tissues by using scaffold and hydrogel with deliveries of in vitro platelet rich plasma and in vivo bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), respectively [33,34]. In vitro biological effectiveness of chitosan microparticles cross-linked with sodium triphosphate with activated pure platelet-rich plasma was employed as an injectable composite scaffold for growth factors release, cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation [33].…”

“…Applications of release of bioactive molecules from tissue engineering scaffold were recently reported in bone, cartilage [32] and other tissues by using scaffold and hydrogel with deliveries of in vitro platelet rich plasma and in vivo bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), respectively [33,34]. In vitro biological effectiveness of chitosan microparticles cross-linked with sodium triphosphate with activated pure platelet-rich plasma was employed as an injectable composite scaffold for growth factors release, cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation [33]. Song et al [34] reported sustained delivery of recombinant human BMP-2 from collagen-chitosan hydrogel with microspheres for tissue regeneration of rabbit mandibular defects in dental surgery.…”