In vitro motor activity and compliance of the caecum in streptozotocin diabetic rats.

Liu, Hua Sheng; Karakida, Takeo; Homma, Shinsuke

doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.40.843

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It is also possible that functional perturbances to intestinal motility unassociated with morphologic changes (e.g., to interstitial cells of Cajal) may play a role in the flaccid paralysis of the bowel that was a consistent gross feature of the diabetic males we analyzed. Similar gross lesions have been observed in diabetic rats (Karakida & Homma 1989, Liu et al 1990, proposed as a model of gastrointestinal autonomic neuropathy -a complication commonly seen in humans with type 1 diabetes (insulin dependent) mellitus. Signs of digestive dysfunction and delayed gastric emptying (gastroparesis) have also been described in human diabetics and mouse models of T2D (Asakawa et al 2003, James et al 2004.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Swiss-Webster mice associated with late-onset hepatocellular carcinoma

Lemke

Rogers

Nambiar

et al. 2008

Journal of Endocrinology

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Genetic mutations resulting in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are described for both inbred and outbred mice. However, no known mouse model completely recapitulates human T2D and its comorbidities. We identified a cohort of obese, male, outbred Swiss-Webster (SW) mice as polyuric, polydipsic, glucosuric, and hyperglycemic. Prevalence of glucosuria in the SW colony reached 60% (nZ70) in males 8 weeks to 6 months of age. Despite severe obesity in some females, no females were diabetic. Pathologic findings in affected males included cachexia, dilated gastrointestinal tracts with poor muscular tone, pancreatic islet degeneration and atrophy with compensatory metaplasia and/or neogenesis, bacterial pyelonephritis, membranous glomerulopathy, and late-onset hepatic tumors with macrosteatosis, microsteatosis, and hydropic change in aged males. Serum insulin correlated with blood glucose in a nonlinear pattern, suggestive of islet exhaustion. Circulating leptin levels showed a weak inverse correlation with glucose. Diabetic males were bred with obese colony females to produce 20 male and 20 female offspring. Prevalence of diabetes in male offspring was 80% (16/20) with a median age of onset of 18 weeks. By contrast, no diabetic females were identified, despite being significantly more obese than males. Male predominance is likewise a feature of T2D in humans. To our knowledge, this is the first documentation of hepatocellular carcinoma and islet metaplasia and/or neogenesis in a spontaneous outbred mouse model of T2D. The SW availability and histopathologic features represent a promising new model for the study of T2D.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Swiss-Webster mice associated with late-onset hepatocellular carcinoma

Lemke

Rogers

Nambiar

et al. 2008

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Diabetes mellitus and disorders associated can be induced in rats through traditional models and are widely used (Liu et al 1990, Lerco et al 2003, Samsom et al 2009. Understanding the functions of the GI tract demands simultaneous measurements and correlation between multiple variables, which is technically complex even in normal animals and requires innovative tools (Iorio et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different patterns between mechanical and electrical activities: an approach to investigate gastric motility in a model of long-term diabetic rats

Marques¹,

Américo²,

Spadella³

et al. 2013

Physiol. Meas.

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The relationship between time-courses of mechanical and electrical events in longstanding diabetes was investigated in rats. Magnetic markers and electrodes were surgically implanted in the gastric serosa of male rats. Simultaneous recordings were obtained by AC biosusceptometry, electromyography and electrogastrography one, three and six months after injections of saline (control) or alloxan (diabetic). Frequency and amplitude of contraction, abnormal rhythmic index and half-bandwidth were obtained (ANOVA P < 0.05). Antral hypomotility and gastric motility instability were observed in the signal waveform of diabetic rats at the three time points of study. The mean frequency (4.4 ± 0.4 cpm) was strictly similar, but the mechanical and electrical correlation was lowest for diabetics groups. Decreases in mechanical amplitude were observed for all diabetic groups compared with control; also the ranges of frequency were much wider in diabetes. The half-bandwidth increased since the first month in mechanical recordings and only after the third month in electrical. In diabetic animals, about 40% of gastric activity was abnormal (against 12% in control) and may reach 60% in the sixth month of mechanical recordings. The multi-instrumental approach showed a more substantial deterioration in mechanical activity and created an integrative view of gastric motility for longstanding diabetic model.

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Cecum of guinea pig is a reservoir and sigmoid is a high-resistance conduit

Lange¹,

Schulze-Delrieu

Lange

et al. 1995

Digest Dis Sci

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We compared the filling responses of the cecum and the sigmoid of the guinea pig using volumes up to 60 ml and 2.5 ml, respectively. In the isolated cecum, each 1-cm increment of hydrostatic pressure above zero led to accommodation of 10 ml volume; in the sigmoid, the yield pressure (at which accommodation first occurred) was 6 cm H2O, and pressure increments up to 20 cm H2O produced volume increments of less than 0.5 ml. Resting pressure at half-maximal filling was 5.0 +/- 0.7 cm H2O for the sigmoid and 1.7 +/- 0.6 cm H2O for the cecum. K+ depolarization led to a significant upward shift in the pressure curves of both segments. Ca2+ withdrawal decreased sigmoid and cecal pressures at some volumes. Distension of the cecum triggered intermittent contractions, which began with the shortening of the teniae and were associated with low-amplitude pressures and expulsion of a 5- to 10-ml volume. Distension of the sigmoid produced propagating contractions that were associated with high-amplitude pressures and lengthening; compartmentalization in the sigmoid prevented efflux from it, and volume inflow was not affected by pressure waves. Our observations indicate that its large capacity and great distensibility make the cecum suitable for reservoir functions, whereas its narrowness and lack of distensibility make the sigmoid a high-resistance conduit.

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In vitro motor activity and compliance of the caecum in streptozotocin diabetic rats.

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Swiss-Webster mice associated with late-onset hepatocellular carcinoma

Obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Swiss-Webster mice associated with late-onset hepatocellular carcinoma

Different patterns between mechanical and electrical activities: an approach to investigate gastric motility in a model of long-term diabetic rats

Cecum of guinea pig is a reservoir and sigmoid is a high-resistance conduit

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