In-vitro models of biocompatibility testing for restorative dental materials: From 2D cultures to organs on-a-chip

Antibacterial Effect of Triazine in Barrier Membranes with Therapeutic Activity for Guided Bone Regeneration

“…Cells were cultivated in complete α-MEM culture media without osteogenic differentiation to maintain the proliferation potential in the in vitro cell culture assay. While antibacterial compounds may be related to cytotoxic effects [ 33 ], all groups reached >80% values in the SRB analysis, which is suitable for materials designed for biological applications [ 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Smart dental materials for antimicrobial applications

“…However, in-vivo models to specifically study the interactions between the biomaterials and biofilms are limited, which hinders the comparison of outcomes between studies [ 347 ]. Directing efforts in this area could facilitate the translation of technologies to the clinic, reduce the number of animals used for in-vivo evaluation, minimize the costs of in-vivo pre-clinical studies, and foster the development of organs on-a-chip technologies [ 352 ].…”

Bench-to-bedside: Feasibility of nano-engineered and drug-delivery biomaterials for bone-anchored implants and periodontal applications

“…In trying to overcome these challenges associated with in vitro methodologies, modern approaches have been tested in dental materials mimicking the oral tissues in 3D environments able to interact and mimic different cellular levels in function [ 62 , 63 ]. Furthermore, organs-on-a-chip have been reported as devices created to simulate organs and tissues physiology [ 62 , [63] , [64] ].…”

“…In trying to overcome these challenges associated with in vitro methodologies, modern approaches have been tested in dental materials mimicking the oral tissues in 3D environments able to interact and mimic different cellular levels in function [ 62 , 63 ]. Furthermore, organs-on-a-chip have been reported as devices created to simulate organs and tissues physiology [ 62 , [63] , [64] ]. These devices reproduce microenvironments and tissue architectures demonstrating promising properties to replicate tissue metabolism and organ function that are not possible by applying 2D in vitro experiments [ 62 ].…”

“…Furthermore, organs-on-a-chip have been reported as devices created to simulate organs and tissues physiology [ 62 , [63] , [64] ]. These devices reproduce microenvironments and tissue architectures demonstrating promising properties to replicate tissue metabolism and organ function that are not possible by applying 2D in vitro experiments [ 62 ].…”