In Vitro Micrografting of Shoot Tips From Juvenile and Adult Prunus Avium L. And Prunus Persica (L.) Batsch to Produce Virus - Free Plants

Deogratias, Jean-Marc; Lutz, A; Dosba, F.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1986.193.24

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Until recently, in vitro grafting has been predominantly used to eliminate pathogens from infected plant tissue cultures (Murashige et al, 1972;Déogratias et al, 1986;Barba et al, 1992). In these examples apical meristematic tissues from infected material were grafted on healthy rootstocks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then it has also been employed for apple (Alskieff & Villermur, 1978) and for different Prunus species (Martinez et al, 1979;Mosella et al, 1979;Déogratias et al, 1986;Barba et al, 1992). Recently, in vitro grafting has been successfully used for the inoculation of Prunus shoot cultures with Prunus necrotic ring spot virus (Heuss-LaRosa et al, 1995;Zilkah et al, 1995) or Plum pox virus (Lansac et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytoplasma transmission by in vitro graft inoculation as a basis for a preliminary screening method for resistance in fruit trees

Jarausch¹,

Lansac²,

Bliot³

et al. 1999

Plant Pathology

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In vitro grafting was tested as a technique for inoculating Prunus rootstock Prunus marianna GF 8-1 with European stone fruit yellows (ESFY) phytoplasmas and apple rootstock Malus pumila MM106 with apple proliferation (AP) phytoplasmas. In vitro shoot cultures of ESFY-infected Prunus marianna GF 8-1 and AP-infected Malus pumila MM106 were used as graft inoculum to transmit the phytoplasmas to the respective healthy rootstock. Phytoplasma transmission was assessed after a graft contact of 1, 2 or 3 months. Healthy autografts were used as controls to monitor parameters of in vitro grafting. Successful graft union formation ranged from 58 to 79% irrespective of the plant species and the sanitary state of the graft. Pathogen-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test the inoculated rootstocks for the presence of ESFY and AP phytoplasmas, respectively. The rate of ESFY phytoplasma transmission in successful Prunus-grafts increased from 69 to 94% with the time of contact. AP phytoplasma transmission to Malus occurred in 80 to 97% of successful grafts. To our knowledge this is the first report of phytoplasma transmission by grafting in vitro. The results provide a good basis for the establishment of a preliminary in vitro screening method for phytoplasma resistance in Prunus and Malus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplasma transmission by in vitro graft inoculation as a basis for a preliminary screening method for resistance in fruit trees

Jarausch¹,

Lansac²,

Bliot³

et al. 1999

Plant Pathology

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“…Since then, micrografting technique has been widely used for elimination of viruses, phytoplasma, systemic pathogens in fruit crops and a large number of fruit plants have been made virus-free (Jonard et al, 1983;Burger, 1985;Navarro et al, 1976Navarro et al, , 1980Navarro et al, , 1982Navarro and Juarez, 1977;Deogratias et al, 1986;Navarro, 1988;Jarausch et al, 2000;Zilka et al, 2002). In vitro grafting was used in Spain to produce virus-free plants of citrus and is considered a major factor in improving the Spanish citrus industry (Navarro et al, 1975).…”

Section: Virus and Viroid Eliminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micrografting for fruit crop improvement

Hussain¹,

Wani²,

Mir³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Micrografting is an in vitro grafting technique which involves the placement of a meristem or shoot tip explant onto a decapitated rootstock that has been grown aseptically from seed or micropropagated cultures. Following early experiments of micrografting in ivy and chrysanthemum, the technique has been used in woody species, especially fruit trees. Major work was carried out in different Citrus species for the elimination of various viral diseases. In vitro micrografting has been used for improvement and multiplication of fruit trees as the technique has potential to combine the advantages of rapid in vitro multiplication with the increased productivity that results from grafting superior rootstock and scion combinations. Successful micrografting protocols have been developed for various fruit crops including almond, apple, cherry, chestnut, Citrus, grapes, mulberry, olive, peach, pear, pistacio, walnut, etc. Special techniques have been used for increasing the percentage of successful micrografts with the use of growth regulators, etiolation treatments, antioxidants, higher sucrose levels, silicon tubes, etc. The technique has great potential for improvement and large scale multiplication of fruit plants. It has been used on commercial scale for production of virus-free plants in fruit crops and viroid free plants in Citrus. Micrografting has also been used in prediction of incompatibility between the grafting partners, histological studies, disease indexing, production of disease-free plants particularly resistant to soil borne pathogens and multiplication of difficult to root plants.

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“…We carried out the in vitro propagation of P. terebinthus and P. vera and thereafter their grafting in vitro. Micrografting has been applied in pistachio (Onay et al, 2004) and other fruit trees species (Jonard, 1983) as a method to rejuvenate (Barghchi, 1985;Padilla and Encina, 2011) or to produce disease free scions (Deogratias et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation and in Vitro Grafting Techniques to Assist the Selection of a Pistachio Rootstock From a Population of Terebinth (Pistacia Terebinthus L.) Collected in the Se of Spain

García¹,

Imbroda²,

Lorente³

et al. 2012

Acta Hortic.

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Pistachio culture is hampered both by the difficulty of propagation by grafting varieties of interest and by the lack of a clonal selected rootstock. The application of in vitro culture techniques would allow the clonal propagation of Pistacia species, as well as to perform in-depth studies of factors affecting grafting. In vitro P. vera cultures were initiated from nodal explants, whereas cultures of P. terebinthus were initiated from in vitro-germinated seeds. The multiplication rate of both species in vitro was close to 2 shoots per shoot every 3 weeks. A high rooting percentage (82%) of P. terebinthus was obtained in a modified WPM medium and plants were successfully transplanted to the greenhouse. Shoot apices of P. vera of 10-20 mm length were grafted in vitro on rooted or unrooted shoots of P. terebinthus in which the apex was removed, and the evolution of the graft unions was studied. Over 70% of the grafted plants survived during the first 3-5 weeks and some plants continued their growth in the greenhouse. Similarly, control selfgrafted P. terebinthus were studied, and these homografts showed that while the technique of grafting in vitro is promising in studying graft evolution, it needs to be improved by identifying the factors that affect cell necrosis.

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In Vitro Micrografting of Shoot Tips From Juvenile and Adult Prunus Avium L. And Prunus Persica (L.) Batsch to Produce Virus - Free Plants

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Phytoplasma transmission by in vitro graft inoculation as a basis for a preliminary screening method for resistance in fruit trees

Phytoplasma transmission by in vitro graft inoculation as a basis for a preliminary screening method for resistance in fruit trees

Micrografting for fruit crop improvement

Micropropagation and in Vitro Grafting Techniques to Assist the Selection of a Pistachio Rootstock From a Population of Terebinth (Pistacia Terebinthus L.) Collected in the Se of Spain

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