In Vitro Markers and Biological Activity in Mice of Seed Lot Strains and Commercial Brucella melitensis Rev 1 and Brucella abortus B19 Vaccines

Grilló, María Jesús; Bosseray, Nicole; Blasco, J.M.

doi:10.1006/biol.2000.0249

Cited by 45 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…This is troublesome because, depending on the challenge, no absolute protection is achieved with these vaccines and, therefore, serological tests do not always elucidate whether a given animal is infected or simply shows postvaccinal antibodies. Rev 1 shows some additional negative traits: it is resistant to streptomycin, one of the antibiotics of choice used to treat brucellosis in combination with tetracyclines [13], and it is relatively unstable thus requiring careful standardization to prevent variations in safety and effectiveness [10,17,18,52]. The rate of abortion caused by S19 is low (less than 1% in a large study involving over 10 000 cows which were 7 to 8 months pregnant [84]) but that of Rev 1 can be higher, particularly in association with some of its variants [17].…”

Section: Rough Brucellosis Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rough vaccines in animal brucellosis: Structural and genetic basis and present status

Grilló²,

et al. 2004

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-Brucellosis control and eradication requires serological tests and vaccines. Effective classical vaccines (S19 in cattle and Rev 1 in small ruminants), however, induce antibodies to the O-polysaccharide of the lipopolysaccharide which may be difficult to distinguish from those resulting from infection and may thus complicate diagnosis. Rough attenuated mutants lack the O-polysaccharide and would solve this problem if eliciting protective immunity; the empirically obtained rough mutants 45/20 and RB51 have been used as vaccines. Strain 45/20 is reportedly unstable and it is not presently used. RB51 is increasingly used instead of S19 in some countries but it is rifampicin resistant and its effectiveness is controversial. Some controlled experiments have found good or absolute protection in adult cattle vaccinated orally (full dose) or subcutaneously (reduced dose) and in one field experiment, RB51 was reported to afford absolute protection to calves and to perform better than S19. Controlled experiments in calves, however, have shown reduced doses of RB51 to be ineffective, full doses only partially effective, and RB51 less effective than S19 against severe challenges. Moreover, other observations suggest that RB51 is ineffective when prevalence is high. RB51 is not useful in sheep and evidence in goats is preliminary and contradictory. Rough mutants obtained by molecular biology methods on the knowledge of the genetics and structure of Brucella lipopolysaccharide may offer alternatives. The B. abortus manB core (rfbK) mutant seems promising in cattle, and analyses in mice suggest that mutations affecting only the O-polysaccharide result in better vaccines than those affecting both core and O-polysaccharide. Possible uses of rough vaccines also include boosting immunity by revaccination but solid evidence on its effectiveness, safety and practicality is not available.

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Section: Rough Brucellosis Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rough vaccines in animal brucellosis: Structural and genetic basis and present status

Grilló²,

et al. 2004

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“…c) Residual virulence (50% persistence time or 50% recovery time) (Grilló et al, 2000;Pouillot et al, 2004) 1) Prepare adequate suspensions of either the B. abortus S19 seed lot to be tested (test vaccine) and the S19 original seed culture (as a reference strain). For this, harvest 24-48 hours' growth of each strain in sterile buffered saline solution (BSS: NaCl 8.5 g; KH 2 PO 4 1.0 g; K 2 HPO 4 2.0 g; purified water 1000 ml; pH 6.8 ± 0.2) and adjust the suspension in BSS to 10 9 CFU/ml using a spectrophotometer (0.170 OD when read at 600 nm).…”

Section: A) Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…d) Immunogenicity in mice (Grilló et al, 2000) This test uses three groups of six female CD1 mice, aged 5-7 weeks that have been selected at random.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…if it is satisfactory with respect to identity and smoothness. Moreover, it should have been produced with a given seed lot with adequate immunogenicity, and residual virulence (Grilló et al, 2000).…”

Section: C) Potencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…c) Residual virulence (50% persistence time or 50% recovery time) (Grilló et al, 2000) The same technical procedures indicated for RT 50 calculation of S19 vaccine (see above) have to be applied for Rev.1, except that B. abortus S19 seed lot to be tested (test vaccine) and the S19 original seed culture (used as a reference strain), respectively, are replaced by the corresponding B. melitensis Rev.1 seed lot to be tested (test vaccine) and the B. melitensis Rev.1 original seed culture as the reference strain. For the reference original Rev.1 strain, RT 50 and confidence limits are around 7.9 ± 1.2 weeks.…”

Section: B) Smoothness (Determination Of Dissociation Phase)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation of Brucella pinnipedialis from Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) in the Baltic Sea

Hirvelä-Koski

Nylund

Skrzypczak

et al. 2017

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Description of the disease: Brucellosis is the generic name used for the animal and human infections caused by several species of the genusCausal pathogens: Genetic and immunological evidence indicates that all members of the Brucella genus are closely related. Nevertheless, based on relevant differences in host preference and epidemiology displayed by the major variants, as well as molecular evidence of genomic variation, the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes, Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Brucella took a clear position in 2005 on a return to pre-1986 Brucella taxonomic opinion; the consequences of this statement imply the re-approval of the six classical Brucella nomenspecies with their corresponding recognised biovars. The classical names related to the six Brucella nomenspecies are validly published in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names, 1980, and the designated type strains are attached to these validly published names: B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis, B. neotomae, B. ovis and B. canis 1 . The first three of these are subdivided into biovars based on cultural and serological properties (see Tables 2 and 3). Strains of Brucella have been isolated in the last decade from marine mammals but these strains cannot be ascribed to any of the above-recognised species. Investigations are continuing to establish their proper position in the taxonomy of the genus and it has been proposed that they be classified into two new species: B. ceti and B. pinnipedialis (Foster et al., 2007). A new species, named B. microti, was also isolated from the common vole (Microtus arvalis) as well as from foxes and soil in Central Europe (Scholz et al., 2008). Novel isolates from human breast implant and lung infections (strains BO1 and BO2) and from baboons that had delivered stillborn offspring have also been described, although the natural reservoir of these isolates remains unclear. While only two isolates of each new type have been described, they have been formally published as the tenth and eleventh Brucella species, B. inopinata and B. papionis respectively (Scholz et al., 2010;Whatmore et al., 2014). Finally, strains isolated from rodents, foxes and frogs were characterised as atypical Brucella strains distinct from the currently described species. They have not yet been approved as new Brucella species.Brucella is a member of the Brucellaceae family, in the order Rhizobiales, class Alphaproteobacteria. It shows close genetic relatedness to some plant pathogens and symbionts of the genera Agrobacterium and Rhizobium, as well as animal pathogens (Bartonella) and opportunistic or soil bacteria (Ochrobactrum).Infection with Brucella in cattle is usually caused by biovars (bv.) of Brucella abortus.

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Brucellosis

Blasco¹,

Moreno²,

Moriyón³

2021

Veterinary Vaccines

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In Vitro Markers and Biological Activity in Mice of Seed Lot Strains and Commercial Brucella melitensis Rev 1 and Brucella abortus B19 Vaccines

Cited by 45 publications

References 13 publications

Rough vaccines in animal brucellosis: Structural and genetic basis and present status

Rough vaccines in animal brucellosis: Structural and genetic basis and present status

Isolation of Brucella pinnipedialis from Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) in the Baltic Sea

Brucellosis

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