In Vitro Influences of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Tissue Culture

Abstract

In the last decades, extensive research on the effects of nano-TiO₂ on plant systems and different microorganisms has confirmed its photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity. However, there is no report on its application in plant cell and tissue culture as well as its role in eliminating contaminating microorganisms in tissue culture. In this work, barley mature embryos were cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium with four concentrations (0, 10, 30, 60 μg/ml) of TiO₂ suspension in four repetitions. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of calli were analyzed after each subculture. Data analysis for calli number in the first culture and callus size in all three cultures showed that the effect of treatment was significant at p > 0.95. As a result, quantitative features such as callus color, shape, embryogenesis, etc. were completely similar in both control and TiO₂ nanoparticle treatments; there is no doubt that TiO₂ nanoparticles could dramatically increase callugenesis and the size of calli. As well, TiO₂ nanoparticles are effective bactericides with an aseptic effect, causing no negative change in the quality of the callus. It is necessary to do more complementary works to identify mechanisms involved for the increased calli size and embryogenesis of explants in darkness.

The effects of silicon and titanium on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) growth under moisture deficit condition

“…This finding supports our previous research which showed that foliar application of nTiO 2 on barley plants in a semi-arid region positively affected growth rate and seed yield (Janmohammadi et al, 2016a). It seems that, nTiO 2 plays a significant role in activatingdefense mechanism and modulating biosynthesis of phytohormones such as cytokinins and gibberellin (Mandeh et al, 2012). However, the accumulation of the nano-particles in plant tissue can be very important point from food safety perspective, therefore; their measurement in future experiments can be very valuable and provide precious information.…”

Impact of foliar application of nano micronutrient fertilizers and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the growth and yield components of barley under supplemental irrigation

“…However evidence from this study suggested that nTiO 2 along with nano-fertilizers can effectively influence both vegetative and reproductive characteristics under supplemental irrigation in semi-arid region. It appears that nTiO 2 may play a significant role in activation of defense mechanism and modulating the biosynthesis of phytohormones such as cytokinins and gibberellin (Mandeh et al, 2012).…”

“…It was found that these nanocomposites were safe for wheat seed germination, emergence and growth of seedlings and they can provide a regulated, responsive and on time delivery of nutrients to plants. Also several studies show that exogenous application of some nanoparticle can significantly improve plant growth (Mandeh et al, 2012;Song et al, 2013). Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO 2 ) are promising as efficient nutrient source for plants to improve biomass production due to enhanced the nitrogen assimilation, photoreduction activities of photosystem II and electron transport chain, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, and (Morteza et al, 2013;Raliya et al, 2015).…”

Two Iranian Rice Cultivars’ Response to Nitrogen and Nano-Fertilizer

“…Cells growth increase under nitrogen might be a reason for plant height rise [27]. Several studies indicated that exogenous application of some nanoparticles can significantly improve plant growth [28] [29]. Previous studies reported that applying 3.0 L·ha −1 doses of Nanonat and Ferbanat has promoted tomatoes' yield and plant growth [30].…”