In vitro induction of haploid plants from unpollinated ovules and ovaries of the sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Abstract

Haploid plantlets from male fertile and male sterile sugarbeet plants could be induced at frequencies up to 2.2% using ovule culture. Ovary culture on media without charcoal resulted in a similar induction frequency. Plant development was inhibited by callus development originating from the mother tissue. When the callus parts were removed and the ovule transferred to a new medium without 2,4 D, callus formation could be inhibited by adding 0.5% charcoal to the medium. Up to 6.1% haploids were induced. Chromosome counts in leaf tips, chloroplast counts and isozyme patterns revealed that all plants were haploid and originated from the haploid cells of the embryo sac. Root tips showed spontaneous polyploidisation.

Natural variation within the genus Beta and its possible use for breeding sugar beet: A review

“…Homogenisation of parental families allows a more directed breeding, less influenced by heterosis or the genetic load of recessive alleles . In this frame, one could also consider the use of doubled haploids (Bossoutrot & Hosemans, 1985 ;Van Geyt et al ., 1987) . By carrying out simulation studies, Choo & Kannenberg (1978) could indicate that in outbreeders mass selection with doubled haploids can be as efficient as S1 selection and even more efficient as classical diploid mass selection .…”

Histological and semi-quantitative approaches to in vitro cellular responses of ovule, embryo and endosperm in sugar beet, Beta vulgaris L.

“…In sugar beet, Beta vulgaris L., a successful system for producing gynogenic haploids through the in vitro culture of unfertilized ovules has been well established Bossoutrot 1983, 1985;Bossoutrot and Hosemans 1985;D'Halluin and Keimer 1986;Van Geyt et al 1987;Doctrinal et al 1989). A few micrographs of in vitro-cultured ovules of sugar beet have appeared in the literature Bossoutrot and Hosemans 1985), and some preliminary structural data on the cellular origin of haploids as well as the structural variability of embryos, endosperm and perisperm have been published .…”

Plant Cell Culture – Present and Future

“…This technique is the female equivalent of the process described in the paragraph above, and has been applied to species including sugar beet [55,56], onion [57,58], squash [59], gerbera [60], rice [61], maize [62], niger [63] and tea [64]. Ovules have also been used as a transformation target [39].…”