Natural variation within the genus Beta and its possible use for breeding sugar beet: A review

Geyt, J. P. C. van; Lange, W.; Oleo, M.; Bock, T.

doi:10.1007/bf00024131

Cited by 88 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…The experience of plant breeders is that while major gene resistances for some viruses can be found in wild crop relatives, resistance and\or tolerance traits for many viruses are absent or rare in natural populations (e.g. Van Geyt et al, 1990 ;Cooper, 1997 ;Cooper & Raybould, 1997). To investigate this apparent paradox, future work on the B. oleracea populations will concentrate on estimating the effects of viruses on plant fitness and genetic variation for virus resistance.…”

Section: Implications and Further Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and spatial distribution of viruses in natural populations of Brassica oleracea

et al. 1999

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We report a survey of four viruses (beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV), cauliflower mosaic caulimovirus (CaMV), turnip mosaic potyvirus (TuMV), turnip yellow mosaic tymovirus (TYMV)) in five natural populations of Brassica oleracea in Dorset (UK). All four viruses were common ; 43% of plants were infected with BWYV, 60% with CaMV, 43% with TuMV and 18% with TYMV. For each virus there were significant differences in the proportion of infected plants among populations, which were not completely explained by differences in the age of plants. Multiple virus infections were prevalent, with 54% of plants having two or more virus types. There were statistically significant associations between pairs of viruses. The CaMV was positively associated with the other three viruses, and BWYV was also positively associated with TuMV. There was no detectable association between BWYV and TYMV, whereas TuMV and TYMV were negatively associated. We suggest these associations result from BWYV, CaMV and TuMV having aphid vectors in common, as aphids are attracted to plants that already have a virus infection. Infected plants were distributed randomly or were very weakly aggregated within populations. The implications of widespread multiple virus infections in natural plant populations are discussed with respect to the release of transgenic plants expressing virus-derived genes.

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Section: Implications and Further Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and spatial distribution of viruses in natural populations of Brassica oleracea

et al. 1999

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“…bolting or disease resistance, monogermity and the Owen's source of cytoplasmic male sterility. The literature reports nevertheless on the possibility of identification of various alternative similar systems in wild beets and in sugar beet (Dalke and Szota 1986;Van Geyt et al 1990). For example, as far as mitochondrial minisatellite haplotypes are concerned, the study by Fénart et al (2008) reflects a sharp contrast between cultivars/weed beets, representing predominantly the Owen type of cytoplasm, and wild ruderal/sea beets for which ten different mitotypes were recognized.…”

Section: Mitochondrial Diversity Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A considerably higher genetic diversity is expected to exist in wild relatives of sugar beet, serving thus as a reservoir of potentially useful traits and genes, such as those determining tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, yield parameters or other advantageous morphological and physiological features (Van Geyt et al 1990;Stevanato et al 2013). Hybridization between B. vulgaris and exotic germplasm belonging to Beta is possible, often providing fertile progeny, fully compatible at the chromosomal level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…maritima) during breeding is rhizomania resistance genes. Early partially resistant sugar beet cultivars were developed based on Munerati's pool of these accessions selected in the Po estuary for Cercospora leaf spot resistance (Van Geyt et al 1990). Presently it is believed that all the resistance sources identified thus far, designated from Rz1 to Rz5, originate most probably from some wild sea beet ancestors (Biancardi et al 2002), although their identity and independence from each other has not been fully confirmed yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of rhizomania-resistance segregating sequences and overall genetic diversity pattern among selected accessions of Beta and Patellifolia. Potential implications of breeding for genetic bottlenecks in terms of rhizomania resistance

et al. 2015

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Sugar beet is hypothesized to have a narrowed genetic base due to its origin as White Silesian Beet and from numerous breeding selections and practices. High sugar quality, yield of recoverable sugar, cytoplasmic-male sterility system, monogermity, pests and disease resistance and bolting resistance constitute some of the adaptations that significantly influenced the existing genetic background of the crop. In this study we aimed to evaluate the extent of genetic diversity existing in wild beet representatives of Beta and Patellifolia and sugar beet cultivars, with a special focus on the complex Beta vulgaris. Another purpose was to determine the potential usefulness and conformity of selected molecular markers in different groups of materials in the context of rhizomania resistance. To reach these goals, molecular RAPD, ISSR techniques, literatureselected rhizomania resistance-segregating sequences as well as mitochondrial markers were used. The comparison of genetic diversity in wild and cultivated Beta forms shows that the population differentiation values and distance values are relatively high in cultivars. Moreover, the diversity component seemed to be compromised rather on the level of population (Hs) than in total (Ht) in cultivars. Our results shed a new light on the expected genetic bottlenecks existing in cultivars and revealed features specific for individual taxa (Patellifolia, Corollinae). Some degree of distinctiveness was suggested between genetic determinants of rhizomania resistance in modern cultivars in comparison with wild resistance sources. In addition, we document here an internal heterogeneity existing in selected wild/weedy accessions at the level of crucial sequences using high resolution melting.

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“…Present day sugar beets can be traced back to the late 18th century and have been selected from a few crosses between mangold and fodder beet (Fischer, 1989). Hence, sugar beet has a narrow genetic basis, and wild Beta species, in particular species of the sections Procumbentes and Corollinae, are valuable genetic resources to broaden the gene pool and introduce genetic diversity (Van Geyt et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Painting of Parental Chromatin in Beta Hybrids by Multi-colour Fluorescent in situ Hybridization

Desel

Jansen²,

Dedong³

et al. 2002

Annals of Botany

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Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a relatively young crop and has a narrow gene pool. In order to introduce genetic variability into the crop, interspeci®c hybrids, selected from crosses with wild beets of the sections Corollinae and Procumbentes, have been generated. The introgressed B. procumbens chromatin carries resistance genes to beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii Schm. These lines are important for breeding of nematoderesistant sugar beet, while Corollinae species are potential donors of tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses such as drought or saline soils. We have used in situ hybridization of genomic DNA to discriminate the parental chromosomes in these interspeci®c hybrids. Suppression of cross-hybridization by blocking DNA was not necessary indicating that the investigated Beta genomes contain suf®cient species-speci®c DNA enabling the unequivocal determination of the genomic composition of the hybrids. Interspeci®c hybrid lines with an additional chromosome (2n = 18 + 1), chromosome fragment (2n = 18 + fragment) or translocation of B. procumbens (2n = 18) were analysed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) at mitosis and meiosis. Species-speci®c satellites and ribosomal genes used in combination with genomic DNA or in rehybridization experiments served as landmark probes for chromosome identi®cation in hybrid genomes. The detection of a B. procumbens translocation of approx. 1 Mbp demonstrated the sensitivity and resolution of GISH and showed that this approach is a powerful method in genome analysis projects of the genus Beta.ã 2002 Annals of Botany Company

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Natural variation within the genus Beta and its possible use for breeding sugar beet: A review

Cited by 88 publications

References 136 publications

The prevalence and spatial distribution of viruses in natural populations of Brassica oleracea

The prevalence and spatial distribution of viruses in natural populations of Brassica oleracea

Evaluation of rhizomania-resistance segregating sequences and overall genetic diversity pattern among selected accessions of Beta and Patellifolia. Potential implications of breeding for genetic bottlenecks in terms of rhizomania resistance

Painting of Parental Chromatin in Beta Hybrids by Multi-colour Fluorescent in situ Hybridization

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