In Vitro Host-Cell Susceptibility to Usutu Virus

Bakonyi, Tamás; Lussy, Helga; Weissenböck, Herbert; Hornyák, Ákos; Nowotny, Norbert

doi:10.3201/eid1102.041016

Cited by 33 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The tissue samples were homogenized and suspended in phosphatebuffered saline. After centrifugation (4,000 ϫ g, 10 min), the supernatants were inoculated onto 1-day-old, confluent primary goose embryo fibroblast cell cultures (2). The cell cultures were incubated at 37°C for 3 to 5 days and were checked daily for the occurrence of cytopathic effects (CPEs).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An extended outbreak was observed in the subsequent year in the same area and predominantly involved blackbirds (Turdus merula) (15), which indicated that USUV survived the Austrian winter and adapted to the local mosquito populations. Detailed investigations were carried out, including the genetic characterization of the emerging USUV strain (1) and host susceptibility studies (2,6,7), in order to assess the ecological and epidemiological impacts of the virus. A dead bird surveillance program was introduced in Austria to monitor the occurrence and spread of the infection (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Usutu Virus in Hungary

Bakonyi

Erdélyi²,

Ursu³

et al. 2007

J Clin Microbiol

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138

119

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Usutu Virus in Hungary

Bakonyi

Erdélyi²,

Ursu³

et al. 2007

J Clin Microbiol

Self Cite

138

119

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“…Unterschiedliche Empfäng-lichkeiten für die Infektion von Zellkulturen verschiedener Spezies wurden beobachtet. Einige Zellen wie Vero (Nierenzellen der Grünen Meerkatze), PK15 (Nierenzellen des Schweins) und emb-ryonale Gänsefibroblasten entwickelten einen ausgeprägten zytopathischen Effekt, während andere Zellen, unter anderem auch Helazellen, sich zwar infizieren ließen, aber keine zytopathogenen Veränderungen zeigten [60]. Inwieweit eine neu etablierte Zelllinie aus der Rötelmaus (Myodes glareolus) besonders für die Isolierung von USUV geeignet ist, muss weiter untersucht werden [61].…”

Section: Serologischer Nachweisunclassified

“…Für die Untersuchung des Zelltropismus wurde das österreichische Isolat aus einer Amsel verwendet, das auf Verozellen angezüchtet worden war. Keine Virusvermehrung wurde in Hühnerembryofibro-blasten oder im embryonierten Hühner-ei gefunden [47,60].…”

Section: Serologischer Nachweisunclassified

Usutuvirus

2013

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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“…33 Later on, the susceptibility to USUV infection was assessed in various cell lines and cultures, including HeLa (human), Vero (simian), ED (equine), PK-15 (porcine), RK-13 (rabbit), MDBK (bovine), MDCK (canine), DK (canine), CR (feline), BHK-21 (hamster), BF (hamster), C6 (rat), TH1 (turtle), primary goose embryo fibroblasts, and horse kidney cells. 34 Although replication was detected in all mammalian cell types, only Vero, PK-15, and goose embryo fibroblast cells developed cytopathic effects. Rodent cell lines derived from the bank vole were also susceptible to infection with USUV.…”

Section: Host Cell-virus Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usutu virus: current knowledge and future perspectives

Saiz¹,

Blázquez²

2017

VAAT

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Abstract:The Flavivirus genus (Flaviviridae family) contains important pathogens such as yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, St Louis encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Usutu virus (USUV), Zika virus, and dengue virus, many of which constitute a worrisome threat to global human and animal health. USUV is transmitted by mosquitoes and, as any other flavivirus, is an enveloped plus-strand RNA virus. The virus was first isolated from Culex neavei mosquitoes in South Africa in 1959 near the Usutu River, from where it takes its name. Since then, the virus was confined to Africa until its first detection in Austria in 2001, although it was probably present in Europe since 1996 or even earlier. After that, USUV has spread throughout Europe, causing a considerable mortality among birds and a few neurologic cases in humans. The main USUV natural hosts are birds, but infection has also been reported in other vertebrate species, including humans. The fast spread of the virus through the continent, the relatively high mortality caused in birds, and the recent neuroinvasive human cases related to USUV infection reported in Europe have raised serious concerns about its possible consequences for public health. Here, an updated review of current knowledge about this emerging pathogen is presented. Keywords: Usutu virus, flavivirus, host cell-virus interactions, surveillance, prophylaxis Biology of the virus Molecular classification and phylogenyUsutu virus (USUV) is a member of the Flavivirus genus within the Flaviviridae family ( Figure 1A). In 2004, the complete genomic sequences of two USUV strains, one African (South Africa-1959) and one European (Vienna-2001), were used to build a phylogenetic tree. These two strains showed a 97% and 99% homology at the nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) level, respectively.1 Both strains were closely related to Murray valley encephalitis virus (73% and 82% nt and aa similarity), Japanese encephalitis virus (71% and 81% nt and aa similarity), and to West Nile virus (WNV; 68% and 75% nt and aa similarity). Nowadays, dozens of complete sequences are available in the data banks. In a recent study, the sequence identity among seven USUV strains was 96%-99% and 99% at the nt and aa levels, respectively.2 The only exception was a 1969 isolate from Central African Republic (CAR-1969) that presented homologies of 81% and 94% at the nt and aa levels with other African sequences ( Figure 1B). Due to these differences, it has been suggested that CAR-1969 formed an USUV subtype strain.3 A comparison with the original South African SAAR-1776 strain showed that the mutations found among different European and African strains were scattered throughout the genome, with some unique substitutions and some that were present

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In Vitro Host-Cell Susceptibility to Usutu Virus

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Emergence of Usutu Virus in Hungary

Emergence of Usutu Virus in Hungary

Usutuvirus

Usutu virus: current knowledge and future perspectives

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