In vitro evaluation of the toxicity of several dithiocarbamates using an Escherichia coli growth inhibition bioassay and the acetylcholinesterase inhibition test

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The industrial and sanitary use of dithiocarbamates DTCs is on the rise, and the synthesis of new derivatives has increased the field of their application. Both positive and negative pharmacological and toxicological effects have been documented for DTCs. The development and application of new DTCs must be accompanied by the study of their toxicity, beginning with the performance of simple and rapid biological screening tests.( ) The objective of our study was to apply the IGEC biotest inhibition of growth of Escherichia coli and ( ) the acetylcholinesterase AChE inhibition test to a group of newly synthesized DTCs with possible ( ) ( ) applications in the area of public health. The substances studied were y -ephedrine-DTC, + -pseudoephedrine-DTC, N-ethylbenzyl-DTC, diethyl-DTC, and dimethyl-DTC, and the corresponding amines ( ) ( ) used in their synthesis: y -ephedrine, + -pseudoephedrine, N-ethylbenzylamine, diethylamine, and dimethylamine.( ) The parameters for the minimal effective concentration tested MEC , median effective concentration ( ) ( ) EC , and no observed effect concentration NOEC of each chemical were determined using the 50 IGEC biotest. The AChE inhibition test was carried out for all the DTCs as well. Of the synthesized DTCs, ( ) ( y1 y1 ) + -pseudoephedrine-DTC showed the lowest toxicity NOEC = 30 g mL and EC = 301 g mL 50 ( y1 ) ( ) and N-ethylbenzyl-DTC showed the highest toxicity EC = 26 g mL . Although y -ephedrine-DTC 50 exhibited a minimal inhibitory effect on AChE, the results obtained indicate a generalized absence of AChE inhibition for the DTCs.

Joint effects of chlorpyrifos and mancozeb on the terrestrial isopodPorcellionides pruinosus: A multiple biomarker approach

“…According to the literature, dithiocarbamates such as MCZ have minimal inhibitory effects on AChE activity (Espigares et al ). Although MCZ produces neurodegenerative effects as well, it is thought to primarily affect other neurotransmission subtypes such as the GABAergic or dopaminergic systems (Negga et al ; Brody et al ).…”

Metal ion-catalyzed mineralization and biodetoxification studies of Calconcarboxylic acid in aqueous solution: effect of –COOH group

“…As colony-forming unit (CFU) assay in a particular test solution is a measure of the reproductive ability of E. coli, its metabolic inhibition or growth inhibition bioassay can be measured by counting the CFU. CFUbased assessment has proved to be a reliable measure of biotoxicity [10] and has been applied in our earlier studies [5,[11][12][13]. It is worth mentioning here that some authors have reported the disinfection of drinking water by AOPs including Fenton and Fenton-like processes by killing the micro-organisms [14,15].…”

UVC based advanced oxidation for decolourization and mineralization of calconcarboxylic acid in aqueous solution: Eco‐toxicological effect of post treated solutions and its remedy

“…As a colony forming unit (CFU) assay in a particular test solution is a measure of the reproductive ability of E. coli, its growth inhibition bioassay can be measured by counting the CFU. A CFU-based bioassay is a reliable measure of biotoxicity [10] and has been applied in several of our earlier studies. [4][5][6]11]…”