In Vitro Evaluation of Antiviral Activity Effect of Selenium, Bacillus clausii Supernatant, and Their Combination on the Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus 1

Shayestehpour, Mohammad; Rahimi, Mohammad Reza; Piroozmand, Ahmad; Khaledi, Azad; Fateminasab, Zahra Sadat

doi:10.5812/jjm-129848

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…HSV-1 titration. In the present study, titer of HSV-1 was calculated by the 50 percent tissue culture infective dose (TCID 50 ) assay as described previously ( 2 ). Briefly, the cells were seeded at the density of 10 4 cells/well to 96-well plates and allowed to grow and reach about 80% confluency.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro evaluation of inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus reuteri supernatant on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and expression of UL54, UL52 and UL27 genes

Ebneali,

Shayestehpour,

Piroozmand

et al. 2024

IJM

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Background and Objectives: Human herpes virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic pathogen that is infected more than 70% of the world population. The increasing of viral resistance to antiviral drugs and the emergence of side effects has motivated researchers to study the use of probiotics as new antiviral agents. The aim of the present study was to study for the first time the potential antiviral activity of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) supernatant against HSV-1. Materials and Methods: After measuring the cytotoxicity of L. reuteri supernatant by MTT assay, 1:16 dilution of it was added to HeLa cells before and after HSV-1 infection, after 1.5 hours incubation with HSV-1, and simultaneously with HSV[1]1 infection. After 48 hours of incubation at 37°C, the viral titer and expression levels of UL54, UL52 and UL27 genes were measured by tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID ) and Real-Time PCR methods, respectively. Results: HSV-1 titer in the treatment conditions before infection, incubation with HSV-1, simultaneously with infection and after infection was reduced by 0.42, 3.42, 1.83, and 0.83 log 10 TCID /ml, respectively. When the bacterial supernatant was first incubated with the virus and then added to the cell, or when it was added simultaneously with the virus, the expression of the UL27, UL52, and UL54 genes decreased significantly (p0.05). Conclusion: The study findings indicated that the supernatant of L. reuteri has a potent anti-HSV-1 effect especially if it is incubated with the virus before inoculation into the cell. Its possible antiviral mechanism is to inhibit the virus by binding to it or changing the surface structure of the virus. Metabolites of L. reuteri can be considered as a novel inhibitor of HSV-1in- fection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can cause encephalitis and meningitis. The prevalence of HSV-1 is 42% in Iran, 52% in Finland, 57% in Netherlands, 58% in America, 84% in Bulgaria, 68% in Brazil, 67% in Belgium, and 81% in Czech Republic ( 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro evaluation of inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus reuteri supernatant on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and expression of UL54, UL52 and UL27 genes

Ebneali,

Shayestehpour,

Piroozmand

et al. 2024

IJM

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Mechanistic Insight into the Role of Peptides Secreted from Bacillus clausii and Future Opportunities

Guleria,

Khan

2024

CRCEP

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Bacillus clausii is a commercial spore probiotic known to treat multiple diseases. An increased interest in exploring the nutraceutical and probiotic properties of various microorganisms has made researchers explore more about these bacteria. The current trends in the healthcare industry are majorly focused on devising new therapies to avoid drug and pathogen resistance in patients. Antimicrobial peptides have been considered a source of antibiotics for a long time. Still, getting new therapies into the market is a big challenge. Members of the genus Bacillus have been reported to have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial peptides. One of the least explored species under this genus is Bacillus clausii, concerning peptide drug therapy. The applications of Bacillus clausii in treating or preventing gut dysbiosis and respiratory infections have been largely supported in the past two decades. Yet research is lacking in explaining the pathways at molecular levels in targeting pathogens. In this mini-review, we are going to summarise the research that has been reported so far about peptide extraction from Bacillus clausii, their mode of action and advantages to mankind, and the challenges lying in the isolation of peptides.

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Evaluation of Anti-bacterial, Anti-adenoviral, and Apoptosis-inducing Activity of Bacillus clausii Supernatant

Fateminasab

Shayestehpour

Zolfaghari

2023

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Bacillus clausii is being studied as a probiotic candidate. There is insufficient information on the antimicrobial and anticancer effects of B. clausii. Objectives: The present investigation was designed to evaluate the anti-bacterial, anti-adenoviral, and apoptosis-inducing activity of B. clausii cell-free supernatant (CFS). Methods: First, the supernatant of B. clausii was collected after culture for 24 h. Then, its anti-bacterial impact on several genera of bacteria was assessed through the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Adenovirus 5 (Ad5) was exposed to the CFS under four conditions, including pre-treatment: first infecting cells with CFS and then with the virus; pre-incubation: incubation of the supernatant and virus for 1.5 hours and then adding to the cells; competition: infection of cells with the simultaneous mixture of the supernatant and virus, and post-treatment: first infecting cells with the virus and then with CFS. The median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) technique determined the virus titer. Real-time PCR was performed to assess the E1A expression. After exposure to the CFS, real-time PCR was utilized to measure the expression of MicroRNA-145, BCL-2, and BAX in HeLa cancer cells. Results: Bacillus clausii supernatant showed an inhibitory effect on MRSA, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter. baumannii. The Ad5 titers were reduced by about 4.61, 4, 3.9, and 3.1 Log10 TCID50/mL in pre-treatment, pre-incubation, competition, and post-treatment tests (CFS dilution: 1/4), respectively. Similar results of the viral titration were seen when experimental and control E1A expression levels were compared. Also, B. clausii supernatant during 48 h exposure to HeLa cells increased the transcript of the BAX, BCL-2, and miR-145 genes to 9.1, 2.3, and 55 folds, respectively, compared to the untreated condition. Conclusions: Bacillus clausii can be a potent antimicrobial and anticancer agent. Further research is required to learn about the spectrum of anti-bacterial, antiviral, and anti-cancerous activities of B. clausii.

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In Vitro Evaluation of Antiviral Activity Effect of Selenium, Bacillus clausii Supernatant, and Their Combination on the Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus 1

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

In vitro evaluation of inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus reuteri supernatant on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and expression of UL54, UL52 and UL27 genes

In vitro evaluation of inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus reuteri supernatant on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and expression of UL54, UL52 and UL27 genes

Mechanistic Insight into the Role of Peptides Secreted from Bacillus clausii and Future Opportunities

Evaluation of Anti-bacterial, Anti-adenoviral, and Apoptosis-inducing Activity of Bacillus clausii Supernatant

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