In vitro establishment and proliferation of apple cultivars

In vitro tissue culture of apple and other Malus species: recent advances and applications

“…There are a wide range of factors that need to be considered when disinfecting field-or ex vitro-derived plant material to be used as explants for in vitro culture, but some of the most important factors are genotype, explant type, disinfection procedure, age and physiological state of the mother plant and physical and chemical conditions applied in vitro (Teixeira da Silva et al 2015, 2016a, b; Table 1). Paprštein and Sedlák (2015) reported 9% contaminated cultures for 'James Grieve Compact', 23% for 'Jarka', and 25% for 'Mivibe' and 2, 8 and 20% for 'Rubimeg', 'Bohemia' and 'Primadela' (Sedlák and Paprštein 2016), while Soni et al (2011) noted that 8% of explants collected in summer were contaminated while explants collected in spring, autumn and winter showed 12, 32 and 54% contamination, respectively. These recent cases emphasize the importance of explant disinfection and contamination, even though many disinfection protocols are already available.…”

<i>In Vitro</i> Propagation and Recovery of Eight Apple and Two Pear Cultivars Held in a Germplasm Bank

“…As it is well-known, in vitro culture of apical meristems [7] together with heat therapy are valuable tools for the recovery and eradication of the main viruses present in almost all apple and pear cultivars [8]. To carry this out, first of all it is essential the establishment of in vitro culture for micropropagation [9], and secondly virus removal [10] and recovery of different cultivars.…”

Micropropagation of fruit crops: a review

“…On MS medium enriched with the cytokinin (0.5 and 1.0 mg/L) in conjunction with TDZ, while Principe Grande (55 %) and Barburina pear cultivars (50 %) had the highest rates of shoot initiation (17). In an experiment, development of tissue culture system for pear plant, (41) reported that the utmost shoot proliferation proportion was attained for Bitterbrine Lucas pear plants that produce maximum number of shoots (4.9) on MS medium augmented with 4.0 mg/l BAP. Gisela-5 cherry rootstock was propagated in vitro (19), who found that the rate of shoot rate and length increased with the sub-culturing passages, reaching a maximum of 1:19 and 6 cm after the third and fourth subculturing passages on MS medium boosted with 5 different concentrations and combinations of BAP, GA3, IBA and KN.…”