Micropropagation of fruit crops: a review

Abstract

In vitro culture has the greatest commercial value in the extremely quick creation of clonal plants compared to conventional techniques of propagation. It has also proven to be of tremendous practical utility as assistance to the development and maintenance of disease-free planting material, germplasm conservation, and supplements to the regular methods of plant progress, such as plant genetic engineering. The discovery and implementation of current tissue culture techniques are thought to be paving the way for a second green revolution. Here, the standardization of techniques for the in vitro clonal propagation of fruit crops is highlighted. In addition, we summarize the effects of several surface sterilizing agents, plant growth regulators (PGRs), and anti-phenolic chemicals on culture establishment, shoot proliferation, in vitro rooting, hardening and economics of in vitro generation of true-to-type plants.

In vitro introduction of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch ‘Dostoyniy’

“…Currently, there are a number of sterilizing methods for various explants of fruit and berry crops [10,11]. When choosing sterilizing agents, their concentration, combination, exposure duration, the nature of contamination and the type of explant are taken into account [6].…”

Establishing surface sterilization protocol for clonal apple rootstock MM106

“…Since bacteria and fungi have the potential to infect the plant culture and inflict continuous damage throughout the cultivation phase, sterilization becomes indispensable. Thus, to economize time and effort, adopting a precise and thorough sterilization approach is crucial when employing tissue culture techniques (Lal et al, 2023). To minimize contamination, optimizing the concentrations of sterilizing agents becomes crucial.…”

“…It is essential to determine the appropriate concentration and exposure time for these agents to enhance the success rate of in vitro cultures, as an incorrect concentration could impede cell division and growth. The literature documents the use of various agents such as ethanol, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), mercuric chloride (HgCl 2 ), silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ), and bromine water for disinfecting the surface contamination in explants (Lal et al, 2023 andDalal et al, 2006). Despite its severe effects, mercuric chloride (HgCl 2 ) is commonly used to mitigate microbial contamination for surface sterilization, particularly in apple cultivars and rootstock tissue culture.…”