In Vitro Assessment of the Antimicrobial Action and the Mechanical Ability of Chlorhexidine Gel as an Endodontic Irrigant

Ferraz, Caio Cézar Randi; Gomes, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida; Zaia, Alexandre Augusto; Teixeira, Fabrício B.; Souza-Filho, Francisco José de

doi:10.1097/00004770-200107000-00004

Cited by 209 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Studies have suggested that CHX gel is an effective intracanal medication due to its broad antimicrobial spectrum (13)(14)(15), which is in agreement of the findings of the present study. The present results showed that the 2% CHX gel produced the largest mean inhibition zones and was effective against all microorganisms (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Antimicrobial effect and pH of chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide alone and associated with other materials

et al. 2008

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The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate gel, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH) 2 ] and their combination with iodoform and zinc oxide powder as intracanal medications against select microorganisms, and to measure the pH changes caused by these medications. Antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar diffusion method. The zones of growth inhibition were measured and the results were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). The pH of the pastes was measured right after preparation, after 24 h and 1 week later. The largest mean zones of microbial inhibition were produced by 2% CHX gel, followed by Ca(OH) 2 + 2% CHX gel + iodoform, Ca(OH) 2 + 2% CHX gel, Ca(OH) 2 + 2% CHX gel + zinc oxide, and Ca(OH) 2 + water. The mean pH of all medications stayed above 12.0 during the whole experiment, except for CHX gel (pH=7.0). The results of this study showed that all medications had antimicrobial activity, but the most effective against the tested microorganisms were 2% CHX gel, followed by its combination with Ca(OH) 2 and iodoform.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) has been used in endodontics and proposed as both an irrigant (13) and an intracanal medication (14). It is active against a wide range of microorganisms, such as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (14).…”

Section: Braz Dent J (2008) 19(1): 28-33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial effect and pH of chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide alone and associated with other materials

et al. 2008

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“…26 Compared to CHX groups, the NaOCl and MTAD solutions seem to create a more favorable surface for the root canal filling materials to achieve a better apical seal. On the contrary, this outcome may be attributed to the fact that the CHX solutions do not have the ability to dissolve organic tissues from the root canal system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effect of irrigation solutions on the apical sealing ability in different root canal sealers

2010

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of three root canal irrigation solutions on the apical sealing ability of three root canal obturation materials: gutta-percha/AH plus or MM-seal and Resilon/ Epiphany SE. A total of 100 teeth with single straight root canals were randomly divided into three equal groups of 30 samples each, with the other 10 teeth (5 positive and 5 negative) used as controls. Each irrigation group was divided into three groups according to the use of three different root canal obturation materials (n = 10): Gutta-percha with AH plus or MM-seal, Resilon with Epiphany SE. The crowns were removed at the cementoenamel junction with a diamond disc under water coolant. The root canals were prepared using step-back technique and irrigation with either sodium hypochlorite (2.5%), chlorhexidine (2%), or MTAD solutions. The roots were obturated with lateral condensation technique using one of the obturation materials. The root surfaces was coated with two layer nail varnish (except apex), placed in 2% methylene blue dye solution, and centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 5 minutes. Irrigation solutions affected the apical sealing ability of all the sealers. The chlorhexidine irrigation solution exhibited higher apical leakage values than did MTAD and NaOCl in all canal sealers, although the MTAD irrigation solution groups showed the least leakage values. The apical sealing ability of AH plus, Epiphany SE and MM-seal root canal sealers decreased when the chlorhexidine was used as an irrigation solution.

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“…Besides the fact that both irrigants apparently decrease bacterial population, a sterile instrumented root canal is far away from reality. Both NaOCl and CHX irrigants are supported by literature to be safely used during root canal treatment (3)(4)(5)12,13). However, it is important to notice that these successful outcomes in the literature are no indicators of long-term success, but in fact, only predictors of postoperative procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postoperative Pain after Foraminal Instrumentation with a Reciprocating System and Different Irrigating Solutions

et al. 2015

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare postoperative pain after foraminal instrumentation using 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel irrigation protocol in nonvital single-rooted teeth after reciprocating instrumentation. Sixty-two volunteers presenting a single root canal diagnosed with asymptomatic necrosis and apical periodontitis were randomized into 2 experimental groups regarding the irrigation protocol (ie, 5.25% NaOCl and 2% CHX gel groups). Endodontic treatment was performed in a single session under reciprocating instrumentation with foraminal instrumentation. Volunteers were instructed to record pain intensity. Scores from 1 to 4 were attributed to each kind of pain after 24, 48, and 72 h. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Student´s t tests were used to determine significant differences at p<0.05. On average, the percentage of patients that had no or mild pain after 24, 48 or 72 h was 77.4%, 88.7% and 95.1%, respectively. No statistically significant age difference was found between the groups (p>0.05, Student´s t test). Postoperative pain showed no statistically significant difference at any observation period when using 5.25% NaOCl or 2% CHX gel (p>0.05). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in the mean number of analgesic tablets used between the groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, the use of 5.25% NaOCl or 2% CHX gel resulted in the same postoperative pain. Therefore, it can be inferred that irrigant choice has no relation with short-term follow up regarding postoperative pain. P o s t o p e r a t i v e P a i n a f t e r Foraminal Instrumentation with a R e c i p r o c a t i n g S y s t e m a n d Different Irrigating Solutions

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In Vitro Assessment of the Antimicrobial Action and the Mechanical Ability of Chlorhexidine Gel as an Endodontic Irrigant

Cited by 209 publications

References 20 publications

Antimicrobial effect and pH of chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide alone and associated with other materials

Antimicrobial effect and pH of chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide alone and associated with other materials

The effect of irrigation solutions on the apical sealing ability in different root canal sealers

Postoperative Pain after Foraminal Instrumentation with a Reciprocating System and Different Irrigating Solutions

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