In vitro antischistosomal activity of venom from the Egyptian snake Cerastes cerastes

Hassan, Ehssan A.; Abdel-Rahman, Mohamed A.; Ibrahim, Mohamed M.; Soliman, Maha F. M.

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0241-2016

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Thus they can be potentially used for drug discovery (Rivero et al 2011;Vigerelli et al 2014;Neto et al 2015). Hassan et al (2016) studied the potential antischistosomal activity of the Egyptian snake, Cerastes cerastes venom, in vitro. They found that it causes mild to severe tegumental damage to Schistosoma worms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the tegument surface of adult fluke, Fasciola gigantica, after in vitro treatment with the crude venom of the oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis

Abdelsater

Amer

Elshehaby

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Triclabendazole is the only known effective treatment against both pre-adult and adult worms infecting the hepatic parenchyma and bile ducts, respectively. We aimed to investigate the antiparasitic activity of the venom of the wasp, Vespa orientalis (WV), against the adult Fasciola gigantica (F. gigantica) worm, as WV has known pharmacological properties. We assessed its anthelmintic efficacy using 40 adult F. gigantica flukes collected from slaughtered cattle divided into four groups (10 each). Three worms in each group were treated with 50, 100, and 200 µg/ml of WV, while a fourth untreated one was used as control. After WV treatment, the tegument area of the fluke’s body was assessed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). This revealed several tegumental alterations all over the fluke's body, including sunken spines due to local swelling, complete disappearance of spines from their sockets, furrowing and sloughing of the basal lamina, splitting off some spines to resemble an “open jaw,” broken oral and ventral sucker teguments, increased swelling of the ventral sucker with loss of its ridges, severe swelling and smoothening of the ventral sucker due to loss of normal transverse ridges, deformed cirrus, and swollen sensory papillae with blebs. The sensory papillae were completely disrupted and dislodged, leaving pits and a series of holes throughout the basal lamina and severely eroded, turning into lesions exposing the basement membrane. These findings indicate that WV can be potentially used to treat fascioliasis. However, further in vivo studies on the activity of WV treatment are recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the tegument surface of adult fluke, Fasciola gigantica, after in vitro treatment with the crude venom of the oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis

Abdelsater

Amer

Elshehaby

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…To date, only very few other studies addressed animal-derived compounds and their antischistosomal activities. These are compounds from sea cucumbers, skin secretions of a South-American tree-frog species, and undefined compounds from snake venom [3, 70–72]. From insects, so far only two complex product mixtures, but no defined compounds, were described to have direct or indirect anthelminthic effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insects in anthelminthics research: Lady beetle-derived harmonine affects survival, reproduction and stem cell proliferation of Schistosoma mansoni

et al. 2019

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Natural products have moved into the spotlight as possible sources for new drugs in the treatment of helminth infections including schistosomiasis. Surprisingly, insect-derived compounds have largely been neglected so far in the search for novel anthelminthics, despite the generally recognized high potential of insect biotechnology for drug discovery. This motivated us to assess the antischistosomal capacity of harmonine, an antimicrobial alkaloid from the harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis that raised high interest in insect biotechnology in recent years. We observed remarkably pleiotropic effects of harmonine on physiological, cellular, and molecular processes in adult male and female Schistosoma mansoni at concentrations as low as 5 μM in vitro . This included tegumental damage, gut dilatation, dysplasia of gonads, a complete stop of egg production at 10 μM, and increased production of abnormally shaped eggs at 5 μM. Motility was reduced with an EC50 of 8.8 μM and lethal effects occurred at 10–20 μM within 3 days of culture. Enzyme inhibition assays revealed acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as one potential target of harmonine. To assess possible effects on stem cells, which represent attractive anthelminthic targets, we developed a novel in silico 3D reconstruction of gonads based on confocal laser scanning microscopy of worms after EdU incorporation to allow for quantification of proliferating stem cells per organ. Harmonine significantly reduced the number of proliferating stem cells in testes, ovaries, and also the number of proliferating parenchymal neoblasts. This was further supported by a downregulated expression of the stem cell markers nanos-1 and nanos-2 in harmonine-treated worms revealed by quantitative real-time PCR. Our data demonstrate a multifaceted antischistosomal activity of the lady beetle-derived compound harmonine, and suggest AChE and stem cell genes as possible targets. Harmonine is the first animal-derived alkaloid detected to have antischistosomal capacity. This study highlights the potential of exploiting insects as a source for the discovery of anthelminthics.

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“…Schistosomiasis is one of the most predominant parasitic infection diseases worldwide. The results in Table 1 exhibited that the essential oil of A. cepa bulbs showed high antischistosomal activity (25 % -75 %) and shrinking rate (50% -70%) at concentration 500µg/mL at time interval 1hr to 24 hrs (Hassan et al, 2016). Also, BuOH fraction derived from MeOH extract showed more potent antischistosomal activity (25 % -50 %) and the highest shrinking rate (25 % -75 %) at concentration 500 µg/mL at time interval 1hr to 24hrs.…”

Section: In Vitro Antischistosomal Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Antischistosomal Activity of Allium Cepa L. (Red Onion) Extracts and Identification of the Essential Oil Composition by Gc-MS

Abdel-Lateef¹,

Rabia²,

Abd-Elgawad³

et al. 2018

J microb biotech food sci

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Allium cepa L. (red onion) is one of the most famous vegetable crops grown in Egypt due to its medical and nutritional importance. In vitro antischistosomal bioassay of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and butanolic (BuOH) fractions derived from methanolic (MeOH) extract of A. cepa as well as the essential oil of plant bulbs was carried out using ascending doses. The chemical constituents of essential oil were further investigated using GC-MS analysis. The results revealed that the MeOH extract, EtOAc fraction, BuOH fraction and essential oil have a significant effect on adult Schistosoma mansoni worms. The essential oil of A. cepa gave high worm mortality (%) at the concentration 500 µg/mL (75%), 250 µg/mL (50%) and 125 µg/mL (30%) death rate after 24 hours. GC-MS analysis of A. cepa essential oil exhibited different chemical volatile constituents such as organosulfur compounds, alcohols, acids, esters, furans, phenols, and aldehyde. 3, 5-Diethyl -1, 2, 4-trithiolane (10.17%), 1, 3, 5-trithiolane (7.80%), and 3-(2H-furanone, 2-hexyl-5-methyl) (7.74%) represented the highest contents percent in essential oil of A. cepa bulbs. In conclusion, the bulbs of A. cepa exhibited antischistosomal activities and contain a variety of bioactive chemical constituents and can be considered as a natural antischistosomal agent.

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In vitro antischistosomal activity of venom from the Egyptian snake Cerastes cerastes

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Alterations in the tegument surface of adult fluke, Fasciola gigantica, after in vitro treatment with the crude venom of the oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis

Alterations in the tegument surface of adult fluke, Fasciola gigantica, after in vitro treatment with the crude venom of the oriental hornet, Vespa orientalis

Insects in anthelminthics research: Lady beetle-derived harmonine affects survival, reproduction and stem cell proliferation of Schistosoma mansoni

In Vitro Antischistosomal Activity of Allium Cepa L. (Red Onion) Extracts and Identification of the Essential Oil Composition by Gc-MS

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