In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Diabetic Potential of Gymnema Sylvestre Methanol Leaf Extract

Abstract

Some medicinal plants and their purified derivatives have demonstrated beneficial therapeutic potentials for many centuries. They have been reported to exhibit antioxidant activity, reducing the oxidative stress in cells and are therefore useful in the treatment of many human diseases, including diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. This study evaluated antioxidative activity and enzymatic (alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase) inhibitory potentials of Gymnema sylvestre methanolic leaf extract (GSMLE) using standard methods. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids and flavonoids. The total phenolics and total flavonoids content in the extract were found to be 6.629±0.745 (µg/ml of catechol equivalent) and 0.004±0.0012 (µg/ml of quercetin equivalent) respectively. GSMLE was shown to have radical scavenging activity against DPPH (290.54 ± 39.72 %), hydroxyl radical (86.507 ± 23.55 %) and hydrogen peroxide (45.25 ± 25.23 %). The level of SOD was significantly decreased in H2O2 induced and European Scientific Journal December 2017 edition Vol.13, No.36 ISSN: 1857 -7881 (Print) e -ISSN 1857 219 H2O2+extract induced when compared with normal control (p<0.05); the level of GSH was significantly increased in H2O2 induced control and significantly decreased in H2O2+extract induced test when compared to normal control. GSH was also decreased significantly in H2O2+extract induced when compared to H2O2 induced control (p<0.05). The extract also demonstrated significant inhibition of alpha-glucosidase (IC50 182.26 ±1.05μg/ml) when compared with standard acarbose (IC50 189.52±0.46) and was more potent than the arcarbose on alpha-amylase inhibition with IC50 of 195.3±4.40 and 200.05±7.16 respectively. These findings may therefore, stress the potentiality of using Gymnema sylvestre as a natural remedy for the management of type 2 diabetes.

In vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterases, anti‐α‐amylase, and anti‐α‐glucosidase effects of AlgerianSalvia aegyptiacaandSalvia verbenaca

“…The uses of synthetic drugs in treatment of Alzheimer's disease such as galantamine and rivastigmine has undesirable side effects, including gastrointestinal troubles such as stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite leading to weight loss, watering eyes, irregular breathing, muscle weakness, and confusion (Mehta, Adem, & Sabbagh, 2012;Rösler et al, 1999). Moreover, diabetic treatment is based on carbohydrate enzymes (such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibition (Ibrahim et al, 2017;Kim, Kwon, Jang, & Kwon, 2009;Kwon, Vattem, & Shetty, 2006;Rasouli, Hosseini-Ghazvini, Adibi, & Khodarahmi, 2017) as well as other mechanisms such as reduction of glucose level and maintain of β-cells performance (Purnomo, Soeatmadji, Sumitro, & Widodo, 2017). It has been shown that the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase correlates with the increases of postprandial glucose level and reduces the absorbance of glucose in the intestine, limiting the excursion of glucose in plasma.…”