In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (bermuda) Against Selected Pathogens

Abstract

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. is a type of perennial grass that possesses great medicinal values. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of the plant crude extract from seven different solvents (acetone, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethanol, ethyl acetate, methanol, and n-pentane) was investigated against some pathogens (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumonia) using disc diffusion method and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) bioassay for plant-SPE extracts against Aspergillus niger. Crude extraction showed that ethanolic extraction produced highest yield (7.065 %) followed by methanolic (5.420 %) and chloroform (3.550 %) extraction. The lowest yield was obtained from n-pentane extraction (0.500 %). The antimicrobial study revealed broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity from ethanol (7.0-10.0 ± 0.0-1.0 mm) and ethyl acetate (7.0-12.0 ± 0.0-1.0 mm) extracts against all of the bacterial pathogens. Both methanol and acetone extracts showed activity to B. cereus (8.0 ± 0.0 mm) and B. subtilis (7.0 ± 0.0 mm), while chloroform extract showed activity to B. subtilis (7.0 ± 0.0 mm) and S.pyogenes (8.3 ± 0.6 mm), respectively. Diethyl ether extraction showed activity only to S. pyogenes (7.3 ± 0.6 mm), while no activity was observed from n-pentane extraction. Great antimicrobial activity were observed for both ethyl acetate and ethanol SPE-based extracts (SBE) with size of inhibition ranging from 8.0 ± 0.0 mm to 15.7 ± 0.6 mm for ethyl acetate SBE and 8.0 ± 0.0 mm to 13.0 ± 0.0 mm for ethanol SBE. No significant antimicrobial activity was observed from thin-layer chromatographic bioassay against A. niger.

Chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Cynodon dactylon- A Review

“…Great antimicrobial activity were observed for both ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts with size of inhibition ranging from 8.0 ± 0.0 mm to 15.7 ± 0.6 mm for ethyl acetate and 8.0 ± 0.0 mm to 13.0 ± 0.0 mm for ethanol extract. No significant antimicrobial activity was observed against A. niger [76].…”

Medicinal plants with antimicrobial activities (part 2): Plant based review

“…Great antimicrobial activity were observed for both ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts with size of inhibition ranging from 8.0 ± 0.0 mm to 15.7 ± 0.6 mm for ethyl acetate and 8.0 ± 0.0 mm to 13.0 ± 0.0 mm for ethanol extract. No significant antimicrobial activity was observed against A. niger [258].…”

Effects of Fertilizer Application and Successive Harvesting on Clipping Yield, Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

“…Several ecotypes have been reported to show antimicrobial activities against clinical pathogens (Abdullah et al, 2012). To date, however, there is no study carried out to explore the effect of agricultural practices on the secondary metabolites production and antioxidant activity of this grass.…”

“…The harvesting (H) treatment was included as a within subject factor to the fertilizer treatment. The stolons of the grass were collected from a wild population of C. dactylon that has already been reported to produce medicinally important metabolites (Abdullah et al, 2012). Twenty-five stolons were planted per tray (46 cm × 34 cm × 15 cm) on a medium consisting of top soil and sand (1:9).…”