In Vitro Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity ofLippia albaEssential Oil, Citral, and Carvone againstStaphylococcus aureus

Abstract

In vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of the Lippia alba essential oil and its major components (citral and carvone) against Staphylococcus aureus were investigated. Essential oils (LA1EO, LA2EO, and LA3EO) were extracted from the aerial parts of three L. alba specimens by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) were determined by the microdilution method. For the antibiofilm assays, the biomass formation in the biofilm was evaluated by the microtiter-plate technique with the crystal violet (CV) assay and the viability of the bacterial cells was analyzed. All oils and their major components presented antibacterial activity, and the lowest MIC and MBC values were 0.5 mg mL−1 when LA1EO and citral were used. Potential inhibition (100%) of S. aureus biofilm formation at the concentration of 0.5 mg mL−1 of all EOs was observed. However, the elimination of biofilm cells was confirmed at concentrations of 1 mg mL−1, 2 mg mL−1, 2 mg mL−1, and 0.5 mg mL−1 for LA1EO, LA2EO, LA3EO, and citral, respectively. The results obtained in the present research point to the promising antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of L. alba EOs against S. aureus, a species of recognized clinical interest.

Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Essential Oils: A Systematic Review

“…Biofilms can exist on all types of surfaces in food plants ranging from plastic, glass, metal, and wood, to food products [105], resulting in food spoilage and economic losses for the producers [105]. Several studies revealed how EOs can inhibit biofilm formation [33,56,62,65,71]. Cinnamomum zeylanicum oil may be a useful approach to impair the biofilm produced by Gram-negative bacteria [33].…”

Reducing Quorum Sensing-Mediated Virulence Factor Expression and Biofilm Formation in Hafnia alvei by Using the Potential Quorum Sensing Inhibitor L-Carvone

“…It is widely applied in the food field; it is used to enhance the fragrance and flavor in cooking, and in the beverage and the chewing gum industries (de Carvalho and da Fonseca, 2006). In many studies, L -carvone has been reported as an antimicrobial agent for foodborne pathogenic microorganisms (Friedman et al, 2002; Porfírio et al, 2017); however, there is still limited information about the relationship between spoilage bacteria and QSIs. Therefore, our study involves the characterization of the L -carvone-mediated inhibition of the QS activity of the biosensor strain Chromobacterium violaceum CV026, and subsequently, the determination of the effect of L -carvone on virulence factor and biofilm production in the spoilage bacterium H. alvei .…”

Essential oils biological activity of the Lippia alba (Verbenaceae) shrub

“…Nematicidal activity of chemotypes I and III was reported on Meloidogyne incognita at concentrations from 0.1-2.5 ml/L, which had mean mortality percentages from 22 to 100 %, in dependent dosage; and diminished eclosion rate from 47 to 9 % (Moreira, Santos, & Innecco, 2009). Antimicrobial and antifungal activity has been reported on periodontal-pathogenic microorganisms (Juiz et al, 2015;Bersan et al, 2014), cariogenic organisms (Bersan et al, 2014), enterobacteria (Pino, Ortega, Rosado, Rodríguez, & Baluja, 1996;Machado, Nogueira, Pereira, Sousa, & Batista, 2014), dermatophytes (Costa et al, 2014;Tangarife-Castaño et al, 2012), phytopathogens (Mena-Rodríguez, Ortega-Cuadros, Merini, Melo- Ríos, & Tofiño-Rivera, 2018;Anaruma et al, 2010), sulfate reductase (Souza et al, 2017a), important pathogens in aquiculture (Souza et al, 2017b;Majolo, Rocha, Chagas, Chaves, & Bizzo, 2017;Sutili et al, 2015), Candida albicans (Mesa-Arango et al, 2010;Santos et al, 2016a;Mesa-Arango et al, 2009), aspergillosis (Mesa-Arango et al, 2010;Glamočlija, Soković, Tešević, Linde, & Colauto, 2011;Mesa-Arango, et al, 2009), Cryptococcosis (Santos et al, 2016a); gastrointestinal, cutaneous, and nosocomial infections (Pino et al, 1996;Machado et al, 2014;Porfírio et al, 2017); under the MIC interval between 4.0-9 370 µg/ml and MBC 6.5-2 500 µg/ml for bacteria (Table 2), and MIC 31.25-2 000 and MBC/ MFC 500-1 250 µg/ml for fungus (Table 3). 2008), and is approved for over-the-counter sale as antiseptic for external use and adjuvant in the treatment of anxiety of nervous origin in humans (INVIMA, 2018).…”