In vitro Antibacterial Activity of <i>Manilkara hexandra</i> (Sapotaceae) Seed Extracts and Violacein against Multidrug Resistant <i>Streptococcus mutans

Abstract

Ipomoea reniformis Chaos is claimed in Indian traditional medical practice to be useful in the treatment of epilepsy and neurological disorders. In the present study, pretreatment effect of methanolic extract of Ipomoea reniformis on epilepsy and psychosis was evaluated in rodents using standard procedures. Besides evaluating epileptic and behavioral parameters, neurotransmitters such as Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) in epilepsy and in psychosis dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin contents in the rodent brain were estimated. The extract pretreatment reduced maximal electro shock; Isoniazid (INH) and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizures and also significantly inhibited the attenuation of brain GABA levels by INH and PTZ in mice. These results suggested that the observed beneficial effect in epilepsy may be by enhancing the GABAergic system. The test drug also inhibited the apomorphine induced climbing and stereotyped behavior and showed significantly reduced levels of brain dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin which may be due to blocking of central dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic pathways or by enhancing the GABAergic system. The results obtained in present study suggest that the title plant possesses antiepileptic and antipsychotic activities in rodents.

Phyto-pharmacological review of genus manilkara

“…Study conducted by Mahida et al showed methanol extract of M. hexandra effectively inhibited the growth of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis [26] . The different studies revealed that acetone seed extract, methanolic extract of leaves, roots, aqueous extracts of leaves, aerial parts of M. hexandra, were found to be having good antimicrobial activity [27][28][29][30][31] . Antifungal activity of some plant extracts was tested against the Solanum melongena damping off pathogen, Pythium aphanidermatum in PDA cultures.…”