In vitro anthelmintic activity of Siparuna guianensis extract and essential oil against Strongyloides venezuelensis

Abstract

New therapeutic approaches are necessary to control strongyloidiasis due to the side effects of, and resistance to, currently available drugs thiabendazole, albendazole, and ivermectin. This study examined the anthelmintic properties of extracts and isolated compounds from Siparuna guianensis against Strongyloides venezuelensis eggs and larvae, using the egg hatching test (EHT) and larval motility test (LMT). Albendazole (0.025 mg/ml) and ivermectin (0.316 mg/ml) were used as the positive controls for the EHT and LMT assays, respectively. Strongyloides venezuelensis eggs or larvae (±50 specimens) were treated with ethanol extract (0.05–1.0 mg/ml), ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions (0.05–0.8 mg/ml), essential oil (0.2–1.0 mg/ml) and α-bisabolol (0.2–1.0 mg/ml) from S. guianensis, and analysed by optical microscopy after 48 h (EHT), or after 24, 48 and 72 h (LMT). All the tested compounds exhibited ovicidal activity equivalent to the positive control and changed the morphology of the eggs. The S. guianensis ethanol extract and aqueous fraction were as effective as the positive control. Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract and fractions revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins and flavonoids. Therefore, S. guianensis is effective against S. venezuelensis eggs and larvae in vitro, and can be considered as a potential alternative treatment for strongyloidiasis.

Nematicidal activity of aqueous tinctures of plants against larvae of the nematode Strongyloides papillosus

“…Moraes et al (2017) and Cabral et al (2019) studied the impact of some constituents of Carica papaya L. on eggs and larvae of Strongyloides venezuelensis (Brumpt, 1934). Extract of Siparuna guianensis Aublet also exhibited high anthelmintic activity (Carvalho et al, 2019) towards eggs and larvae of S. venezuelensis Brumpt, 1934. Ethanol extract from Spondias mombin L. and its aqueous fraction (Bastos et al, 2017) also demonstrated 100% in vitro efficiency against parasitic females of S. venezuelensis.…”

Análise estomática em folhas de Siparuna guianensis Aubl. (Siparunaceae)

“…É uma planta neotropical, sendo encontrada em diferentes domínios fitogeográficos no Brasil, como no bioma Cerrado, Amazônia, Pantanal, Caatinga e Mata Atlântica. As folhas de S. guianensis possuem indicações etnobotânicas/etnofarmacológicas como carminativas, estimulantes, anti-dispépticas, diuréticas, dores no corpo, sinusite, febre, reumatismo, distúrbios inflamatórios e enxaqueca (Almeida et al, 2021;Carvalho et al, 2020;Ferreira et al, 2020;Peixoto et al, 2020;Moura et al, 2020;Valentini et al, 2010). Devido à escassez de trabalhos morfo-anato-ecológicos realizados com está espécie vegetal, este trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar e caracterizar os estômatos em folhas de Siparuna guianensis.…”

Anthelmintic effect of Indigofera tinctoria L on Haemonchus contortus obtained from sheep in Indonesia

“…Maestrini et al [8] added that saponins also have an anthelmintic effect. Tannin and flavonoids have effective anthelmintic effects against worm eggs and larvae [9].…”