In vitro and in vivo evaluation of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles for topical applications: effect of surface coating and loading into hydrogels

Abstract

In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized via biological reduction of silver nitrate using extract of the fungus Fusarium verticillioides (green chemistry principle). The synthesized nanoparticles were spherical and homogenous in size. AgNPs were coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The averaged diameters of AgNPs were 19.2±3.6, 13±4, 14±4.4, and 15.7±4.8 nm, for PEG-, SDS-, and β-CD-coated and uncoated AgNPs, respectively. PEG-coated AgNPs showed greater stability as indicated by a decreased sedimentation rate of particles in their water dispersions. The antibacterial activities of different AgNPs dispersions were investigated against Gram-positive bacteria (methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ) and Gram-negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli ) by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs). MIC and MBC values were in the range of 0.93–7.5 and 3.75–15 µg/mL, respectively, which were superior to the reported values in literature. AgNPs-loaded hydrogels were prepared from the coated-AgNPs dispersions using several gelling agents (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose [Na CMC], sodium alginate, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, Pluronic F-127, and chitosan). The prepared formulations were evaluated for their viscosity, spreadability, in vitro drug release, and antibacterial activity, and the combined effect of the type of surface coating and the polymers utilized to form the gel was studied. The in vivo wound-healing activity and antibacterial efficacy of Na CMC hydrogel loaded with PEG-coated AgNPs in comparison to the commercially available silver sulfadiazine cream (Dermazin ® ) were evaluated. Superior antibacterial activity and wound-healing capability, with normal skin appearance and hair growth, were demonstrated for the hydrogel formulations, as compared to the silver sulfadiazine cream. Histological examination of the treated skin was performed using light microscopy, whereas the location of AgNPs in the skin epidermal layers was visualized using transmission electron microscopy.

Nanoparticles for treatment of bovine Staphylococcus aureus mastitis

“…Metal nanoparticles are a broad field of attention to prevent MRSA infections development (Hibbitts & O'Leary, 2018). The common metals nanoparticles which have a robust antimicrobial feature, representing an ability to eliminate MRSA biofilms (Mocan et al, 2014;Vijayakumar et al, 2015;Ferreira et al, 2016;Alhadrami & Al-Hazmi, 2017;Aswathanarayan & Vittal, 2017;Guo et al, 2017;Hsueh et al, 2017;Mekkawy et al, 2017), as explained in (Table 3).…”

“…Disturbance to the cell membrane of bacteria Inhibit transport of cytochrome and electron Binding with DNA/RNA and inhibiting their replication Binding with ribosome and inhibiting of protein synthesis Creation of reactive oxygen species Inhibit the formation of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria (Mekkawy et al, 2017) "ZnO NPs" Disruption to the bacterial cell membrane Formation of reactive oxygen species (Vijayakumar et al, 2015;Aswathanarayan & Vittal, 2017) "Cu/CuO NPs. "…”

A review on Nano-therapeutic drug delivery carriers for effective wound treatment strategies

“…Meanwhile the strategy presented here has strong implications for developing complex drug delivery systems for wound healing applications or for the sustained release of pharmaceuticals from a drug-loaded gel and will lower the need for multiple drug administration's by controlled nanoparticle release from a hydrogel by DNA-mediated particle disaggregation (Nowald et al, 2017). Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized via biological reduction of silver nitrate using extract of the fungus Fusariumverticillioides andevaluated in vitro and in vivo and found superior antibacterial activity and woundhealing capability, with normal skin appearance and hair growth (Mekkawy et al, 2017). Hussainet et al (2017), reviewed a new trends and state of nanoencapsulation, with efficient and promising approach to maximize wound healing efficacy of curcumin and concluded the offer better wound healing activities, nanoencapsulation of the curcumin were attributed to its target-specific delivery, longer retention at the target site, avoiding premature degradation of the encapsulated cargo and the therapeutic superiority of the advanced delivery systems over the conventional delivery (Hussainet et al, 2017;Zheng et al, www.ajpp.in Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018; 4(2): 90-101 2017), synthesized copper-containing bioactive glass nanoparticles using a modified Stöber method for biomedical applications.…”

Controllable biogenic synthesis of intracellular silver/silver chloride nanoparticles by Meyerozyma guilliermondii KX008616

“…Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary science that deals with very small particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm and has been utilized in many applications such as medicine, pharmacy, industry, and agriculture [1,2]. Nanoparticles of some metals like Au, Ag, Pt, and Cu have attracted more attention because of their biotechnological benefits [3,4], owing to their unique chemical and physical properties that differ from the metallic particles [5,6]. Recently, metal nanoparticles have emerged as an alternative type of antibacterial agent against strains with high resistance to the classical antibiotics [7,8], antiviral agents [9], anticancer cells and antitumor [10], antifungal [11], antiprotozoal [12], larvicidal [13], anthelmintic [14], and acaricidal [15] agents.…”