In vitro and in vivo biological control of the green mold using different bacteria in button mushroom cultivation

Abstract

Background Aggressive biotype (Trichoderma aggressivum f. aggressivum) of green mold is one of the main biotic factors limiting button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) cultivation. Due to issues such as fungicide resistance, cost, and adverse effects, biological control seems to be an applicable management method against the green mold in button mushroom cultivation. Results The objective of the study was to assess biological control of green mold in button mushroom cultivation. Five native bacterial isolates from mushroom compost and 3 commercial biological preparations were tested against two isolates of T. aggressivum f. aggressivum. Dual culture tests were used in vitro experiments. In vivo, compost and casing soil experiments were conducted by comparing yield values of treated plots with negative and positive controls. In vitro, the bacterial isolates inhibited mycelial growth of isolates of T. aggressivum f. aggressivum and A. bisporus up to 46.60 and 56.94%, respectively. In vivo, in the compost experiment, compared with positive control plots, bacterial isolate MSG-5 (Bacillus subtilis) caused the highest yield increase (40.56%) in the treatments. In the casing soil experiment, commercial biological preparation Tic-3 (Ampelomyces quisqualis) caused the highest yield increase (36.15%) in the treated plots. Compared with positive and negative controls, all the treatments caused 30.23% increase but 4.86% decrease in yield of A. bisporus in the compost experiment, respectively. However, they caused 20.25% increase but 17.33% decrease in the yield of A. bisporus in the casing soil experiment, respectively. Conclusions Results suggested that biological control of the green mold in compost can be more efficient than casing soil in button mushroom cultivation.

Members of the Trichoderma harzianum Species Complex with Mushroom Pathogenic Potential

“…Wang et al [34] reported that metabolites of different Trichoderma species inhibited the growth of L. edodes mycelium, and its hyphae were distorted and swollen in vitro. A number of Bacillus and Streptomyces isolates proved to be efficient in suppressing the growth of mushroom pathogenic Trichoderma strains [70][71][72]81,82]. Moreover, a broad range of plant extracts, essential oils and compost teas were also found to sufficiently inhibit different fungal pathogens of mushrooms, including Trichoderma species [73], suggesting the possibility of involving these agents in IPM approaches to successfully combat mushroom green mould disease.…”

Impact of Cultivation Substrate and Microbial Community on Improving Mushroom Productivity: A Review

“…The role of bacterial activities in defensive responses to pathogens or the promotion of mycelia and mushroom growing has been studied. Aydo gdu et al [160] found that B. subtilis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas rhodesiae, and B. amyloliquefacie inhibited the growth of the green mold Trichoderma aggressivum, as well as A. bisporus, in vitro. Cho et al [143] isolated fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.…”

Efficacy of disinfectants and heat treatments against green mould in casing soil and button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) yield

“…In this way, a casing soil layer in 3.5 to 4 cm thickness was formed on the compost. Afterwards, 1 mL green mould inoculum (spore suspension; 1 × 10 6 conidia/mL) per bag was injected into central part of the casing soil using a syringe (Aydoğdu et al, 2021). One day later, three doses of each disinfectant listed below were separately applied to the casing soil in each bag in the treatments.…”