This article reviews the literature on African American women's obesity and physical inactivity with the goals of analyzing common themes and explanations in order to develop and provide better prevention. In addition, literature about body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body size satisfaction is included in this review. These factors have importance in gaining an understanding about obesity and inactivity among African American women. The author introduces the other articles that are included in this special issue of the Journal of African American Studies that are related to African American health, specifically the health of African American women.