In situ X-ray diffraction characterization of NbS2 nanosheets as the anode material for sodium ion batteries

Xiong, Xunhui; Zheng, Fenghua; Yang, Chenghao; Lin, Zhihua; Jin, Chao; Chen, Yu; Liu, Meilin

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.055

Cited by 107 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Compared with other popular characterization methods, like ex situ or in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, [29,30] Mössbauer spectroscopy [31] and nuclear magnetic resonance, [32] the thriving in situ TEM and the associated selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis have relatively higher spatial and temporal resolutions to directly track in real time the local and/or intermediate phases. Compared with other popular characterization methods, like ex situ or in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, [29,30] Mössbauer spectroscopy [31] and nuclear magnetic resonance, [32] the thriving in situ TEM and the associated selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis have relatively higher spatial and temporal resolutions to directly track in real time the local and/or intermediate phases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Unique Phase Transformation Behavior and Sodiation Kinetics of 1D van der Waals Sb₂S₃ Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries

Yao

Cui

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

161

140

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systems is hindered by the limited reserves and high cost of lithium. [1][2][3] Compared with LIBs, sodium ion batteries (SIBs) enjoy many advantages, such as low costs arising from abundance of sodium as well as potentially wider applications, including grid energy storage. [4][5][6][7] In view of the recent studies in developing promising cathode materials, [8,9] one of the critical challenges in promoting the commercialization of SIBs is the lack of suitable anode materials with high capacities and rate capability as well as long-term cyclic performance. The commercial graphite anode in LIBs cannot host the Na + ions whose diameter is 34% larger than the Li + ions in the commonly used carbonate-based electrolyte system, [10,11] although a recent study demonstrated the feasibility of cointercalation of Na + ions in ether-based electrolyte upon the formation of a ternary intercalation compound. [12] Many efforts have been devoted to investigating carbonaceous materials, such as hard carbon, [13] hollow carbon sphere, [14] carbon fiber, [15] as well as metals/metal chalcogenides, like Sn, [16] SnO x , [17] SnO 2 , [18] Bi 0.94 Sb 1.06 S 3, [19]and Sb, [20] as the potential anode materials. Compared with carbonaceous anodes possessing low storage capacities and unsafely low working potentials, anodes made from metal sulfides have been increasingly explored to achieve superior rate performance and high specific capacities. [21][22][23][24][25] For example, antimony trisulfide (Sb 2 S 3 ) has drawn significant attention because of its attractive reversible theoretical capacity of 946 mAh g −1 by accommodating 12 moles of Na + ions per Sb 2 S 3 mole and the improved cyclic performance owing to the Na 2 S phase serving as the buffer matrix to relieve the volume expansion. [26] So far, many methods have been adopted to successfully fabricate various Sb 2 S 3 -based anodes, such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Sb 2 S 3 , [25] flower-like Sb 2 S 3 , [26] Sb 2 S 3graphite, [27] and rod-shaped Sb 2 S 3 , [28] which demonstrated exceptional reversible capacities and great potential for SIBs. However, the fundamental understanding of the underlying sodiation reaction mechanisms is still lacking and needs to be investigated in order to promote the wide application of the Sb 2 S 3 anodes.Carbon-coated van der Waals stacked Sb 2 S 3 nanorods (SSNR/C) are synthesized by facile hydrothermal growth as anodes for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). The sodiation kinetics and phase evolution behavior of the SSNR/C anode during the first and subsequent cycles are unraveled by coupling in situ transmission electron microscopy analysis with first-principles calculations. During the first sodiation process, Na + ions intercalate into the Sb 2 S 3 crystals with an ultrafast speed of 146 nm s −1 . The resulting amorphous Na x Sb 2 S 3 intermediate phases undergo sequential conversion and alloying reactions to form crystalline Na 2 S, Na 3 Sb, and minor metallic Sb. Upon desodiation, Na + ions extract from the nanocrystalline phases to leave behi...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Unique Phase Transformation Behavior and Sodiation Kinetics of 1D van der Waals Sb₂S₃ Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries

Yao

Cui

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

161

140

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“…Indeed, the conversion reaction process has an impact on the cycling stability of the electrodes. Unlike MoS 2 , NbS 2 always undergoes an intercalation reaction for sodium storage, and no conversion reactions occur in the voltage range of 0.01–3 V, which is confirmed by the ex situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns …”

Section: Conversion‐type Anodes In Sodium‐ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 75%

The State and Challenges of Anode Materials Based on Conversion Reactions for Sodium Storage

Dou

2018

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119

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Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have huge potential for applications in large-scale energy storage systems due to their low cost and abundant sources. It is essential to develop new electrode materials for SIBs with high performance in terms of energy density, cycle life, and cost. Metal binary compounds that operate through conversion reactions hold promise as advanced anode materials for sodium storage. This Review highlights the storage mechanisms and advantages of conversion-type anode materials and summarizes their recent development. Although conversion-type anode materials have high theoretical capacities and abundant varieties, they suffer from multiple challenging obstacles to realize commercial applications, such as low reversible capacity, large voltage hysteresis, low initial coulombic efficiency, large volume changes, and low cycling stability. These key challenges are analyzed in this Review, together with emerging strategies to overcome them, including nanostructure and surface engineering, electrolyte optimization, and battery configuration designs. This Review provides pertinent insights into the prospects and challenges for conversion-type anode materials, and will inspire their further study.

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“…[136] Similarly, urchin-like CoSe 2 single crystals, [137] NiSe 2 nanooctahedra, [138] and CuS 2 nanodisks [139] have also been reported. Nanostructurization and morphology engineering is one of the most relevant.…”

Section: Sno 2namentioning

confidence: 89%

Readiness Level of Sodium‐Ion Battery Technology: A Materials Review

Chen

Fiore

Wang

et al. 2018

Advanced Sustainable Systems

147

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IntroductionAs renewable energy sources are taking a wider share of worldwide energy production, [1] grids reliability and utilization efficiency are plummeting. [2,3] This is mainly due to intermittency and discontinuity of power sources, such as wind and solar, which determine uncertainties in energy production capability and in fulfilling the instantaneous energy demand. This aspect, in turn, sensibly increases the unpredictability of energy prices spikes and marginal and maintenance costs of traditional fossil fuel plants, which are demanded Since the breakthrough achieved in the research around material intercalating lithium, almost a decade has passed before the commercialization of the first lithium-ion battery (LIB). On the brink of an energy voracious future, convergence of scientific efforts over efficient and low-cost energy production and storage would be advantageous and beneficial. The research hovering around sodium-ion rechargeable batteries (SIBs), a more sustainable alternative to LIBs, has been observing a positive momentum for ten years now, and chemically stable and electrochemically performing anode and cathode materials represent important milestones on the path toward a commercial full-cell. Material science breakthroughs achieved in carbon and graphite based matrices, layered and open framework structures, and sodium storing alloys, disclose new full-cell set up opportunities going beyond traditional "rocking chair" configuration. In this contribution an in-depth analysis of chemical and physical principles lying beyond the energy storage provided by SIBs most recently investigated active materials is given. In the second half of the review, challenges, opportunities, and state-of-the art description of full-cell SIBs lab scale prototypes are discussed. The latter, indeed, stands for a technological validation of a low-cost alternative to lithium-ion batteries guaranteeing energy densities close to 150 Wh kg −1 . Sodium-Ion Batteriesdiscontinuously to provide for power unbalances between demand and supply. In general, resilience to these drawbacks would be higher providing an incremented flexibility from demand response resources, interregional energy transmission, and energy storage. Plenty of energy storage systems (ESS) are being utilized to curb renewable energy sources intermittency. Among them, worth to be listed are hydroelectric (pumped hydro), mechanical (flywheels and compressed air), and electrochemical (lead-acid, Na-S, Na-NiCl 2 , and Li-ion batteries). [4] Nevertheless not all the previously cited energy storage technologies are comparable one with another in terms of scalability, environmental impact, investment costs, maintenance, and moreover, responsivity to energy needs. Batteries energy storage, directly suppling electric energy without requiring any mechanical-to-electrical energy transducer, surely represents the most versatile appliance. In particular, intrinsic flexibility of modern Li-ion batteries coupled to renewable power plants, ensures the proper response not...

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In situ X-ray diffraction characterization of NbS2 nanosheets as the anode material for sodium ion batteries

Cited by 107 publications

References 37 publications

Unveiling the Unique Phase Transformation Behavior and Sodiation Kinetics of 1D van der Waals Sb₂S₃ Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries

Unveiling the Unique Phase Transformation Behavior and Sodiation Kinetics of 1D van der Waals Sb₂S₃ Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries

The State and Challenges of Anode Materials Based on Conversion Reactions for Sodium Storage

Readiness Level of Sodium‐Ion Battery Technology: A Materials Review

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In situ X-ray diffraction characterization of NbS2 nanosheets as the anode material for sodium ion batteries

Cited by 107 publications

References 37 publications

Unveiling the Unique Phase Transformation Behavior and Sodiation Kinetics of 1D van der Waals Sb2S3 Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries

Unveiling the Unique Phase Transformation Behavior and Sodiation Kinetics of 1D van der Waals Sb2S3 Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries

The State and Challenges of Anode Materials Based on Conversion Reactions for Sodium Storage

Readiness Level of Sodium‐Ion Battery Technology: A Materials Review

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Unveiling the Unique Phase Transformation Behavior and Sodiation Kinetics of 1D van der Waals Sb₂S₃ Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries

Unveiling the Unique Phase Transformation Behavior and Sodiation Kinetics of 1D van der Waals Sb₂S₃ Anodes for Sodium Ion Batteries