In situ SAXS studies of the pore development in biochar during gasification

Liu, Yurong; Paskevicius, Mark; Sofianos, M. Veronica; Li, Chun‐Zhu

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2020.10.028

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…The specific surface area was analyzed by both: (i) nitrogen (N 2 ) adsorption/desorption experiments conducted at 77 K using a Micromeritics ASAP 3020 system (Micromeritics, Nor-cross, GA, USA), calculated from the N 2 adsorption data, at relative pressures between 0.05 and 0.30, by employing the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) multi-point method, and (ii) Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). [31][32][33][34][35][36] SAXS measurements were performed on a Bruker Nanostar instrument equipped with an Excillium MetalJet source (GaKα, λ = 1.3402 Å). The three cobalt boride powder samples were pressed in a transmission geometry using tape.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Catalytic Activity of Bifunctional Cobalt Boride Nanoflakes for Overall Water Splitting over a Wide pH Range

Ghafar¹,

Etherton²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The world is in the process of transitioning toward a more sustainable energy future, with green hydrogen considered an attractive energy vector that can replace fossil fuel consumption, meeting global energy demands. To date, the most advanced method to produce green hydrogen is through water electrolysis using the residual supply of renewable energy. The current state-of-the-art catalysts used in electrolyzers are platinum-based metals and ruthenium/iridium oxides. The scarceness of these elements, combined with their high price, make these catalysts not economically viable for large-scale production of hydrogen through water electrolysis. This study presents cobalt boride nanoflakes as materials to be used in both the anode and the cathode of an electrolyzer for electrochemical water splitting over a wide pH range. The cobalt boride nanoflakes were synthesized by the chemical reduction of CoCl2 using NaBH4 at three different concentrations to obtain CoB and Co2B nanoflakes. CoB nanoflakes exhibited both a higher specific surface area and greatest disparity in charge between B and Co, in comparison to Co2B. It was demonstrated that by tuning the properties of the cobalt boride nanoflakes, higher catalytic activities for both the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reaction can be achieved, showing good overall stability.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the Catalytic Activity of Bifunctional Cobalt Boride Nanoflakes for Overall Water Splitting over a Wide pH Range

Ghafar¹,

Etherton²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…82,83 • Gasification: Another method of producing biochar is gasification, which involves turning biomass to produce a gaseous mixture including carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane. 84,85 In comparison with pyrolysis, this process takes place at higher temperatures, which often exceed 700 °C. Along with syngas, biochar can be produced through gasification, although the process is slower than slow pyrolysis.…”

Section: Biochar Production Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intermediate pyrolysis is a hybrid of slow and quick pyrolysis, and associated with reasonable biochar yields and reaction times 82,83 Gasification: Another method of producing biochar is gasification, which involves turning biomass to produce a gaseous mixture including carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane 84,85 . In comparison with pyrolysis, this process takes place at higher temperatures, which often exceed 700 °C.…”

Section: Biochar Production and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning for the management of biochar yield and properties of biomass sources for sustainable energy

Nguyen,

Sharma,

Ağbulut

et al. 2024

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Biochar is emerging as a potential solution for biomass conversion to meet the ever increasing demand for sustainable energy. Efficient management systems are needed in order to exploit fully the potential of biochar. Modern machine learning (ML) techniques, and in particular ensemble approaches and explainable AI methods, are valuable for forecasting the properties and efficiency of biochar properly. Machine‐learning‐based forecasts, optimization, and feature selection are critical for improving biomass management techniques. In this research, we explore the influences of these techniques on the accurate forecasting of biochar yield and properties for a range of biomass sources. We emphasize the importance of the interpretability of a model, as this improves human comprehension and trust in ML predictions. Sensitivity analysis is shown to be an effective technique for finding crucial biomass characteristics that influence the synthesis of biochar. Precision prognostics have far‐reaching ramifications, influencing industries such as biomass logistics, conversion technologies, and the successful use of biomass as renewable energy. These advances can make a substantial contribution to a greener future and can encourage the development of a circular biobased economy. This work emphasizes the importance of using sophisticated data‐driven methodologies such as ML in biochar synthesis, to usher in ecologically friendly energy solutions. These breakthroughs hold the key to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

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“…30 In practice, it has been proven as an important tool for the characterization of porous materials to obtain information such as the fractal dimension and aperture distribution. 31,32 Previous studies have shown that the relative scattering intensity I(q) of porous materials with polydisperse pores can be expressed by an integral equation: 33…”

Section: Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…When an X-ray passes through coal, the light will shift by an angle of less than 5° between the coal skeleton and the pore inside the coal because of a difference in electron density . In practice, it has been proven as an important tool for the characterization of porous materials to obtain information such as the fractal dimension and aperture distribution. , …”

Section: Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Pore Distribution and Variation Rules of the Coal Sample with CO₂ Adsorption at Different Pressures Based on Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

et al. 2021

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Micropores play an important role in gas adsorption and migration. To reveal the variation rule of coal structural parameters in nanosize at different CO2 adsorption pressures, a CO2 adsorption in situ small-angle X-ray scattering test is performed in this work. The results show that the adsorption at different pressures somewhat influences the pore diameter distribution. The nanopores (2.13–33.86 nm) inside the coal samples shrink at low pressures (from 0.5 to 1.0 MPa) and swell at higher pressures (1.5 and 2.0 MPa). Regardless of shrinkage or swelling, the deformation increases with the decrease of the pore size. D s of the samples depends upon the capillary force. The variation of D s during 600 min (each adsorption pressure adsorbed 120 min) at five different pressures is divided into three stages. For these lower metamorphism samples (V daf lower than 55%), the micropores are abundant and distributed unevenly, which also leads to relatively high heterogeneity on the pore surface. The variation trend of the pore size distribution with time under different adsorption pressures is correlated with the variation of D s to some extent. This work enables us to better understand the variation of the pore size and surface fractal dimension during the process of adsorption in multi-points of pressure.

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In situ SAXS studies of the pore development in biochar during gasification

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Tuning the Catalytic Activity of Bifunctional Cobalt Boride Nanoflakes for Overall Water Splitting over a Wide pH Range

Tuning the Catalytic Activity of Bifunctional Cobalt Boride Nanoflakes for Overall Water Splitting over a Wide pH Range

Machine learning for the management of biochar yield and properties of biomass sources for sustainable energy

Pore Distribution and Variation Rules of the Coal Sample with CO₂ Adsorption at Different Pressures Based on Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

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In situ SAXS studies of the pore development in biochar during gasification

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Tuning the Catalytic Activity of Bifunctional Cobalt Boride Nanoflakes for Overall Water Splitting over a Wide pH Range

Tuning the Catalytic Activity of Bifunctional Cobalt Boride Nanoflakes for Overall Water Splitting over a Wide pH Range

Machine learning for the management of biochar yield and properties of biomass sources for sustainable energy

Pore Distribution and Variation Rules of the Coal Sample with CO2 Adsorption at Different Pressures Based on Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

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Product

Resources

About

Pore Distribution and Variation Rules of the Coal Sample with CO₂ Adsorption at Different Pressures Based on Small-Angle X-ray Scattering