In-situ partitioning and bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among water, suspended particulate matter, and fish in the Dongjiang and Pearl Rivers and the Pearl River Estuary, China
“…To investigate the effects of nC 60 on Phe bioaccumulation, both the total concentration-and free concentration-based BAF values were calculated, as shown in Figure 2. The BAFs are in the range of 5.24 Â 10 3 to 257.45 Â 10 3 (L/kg of lipid), the orders of magnitude of which are in accordance with a previous study [28] on Phe accumulation in fish. It was noteworthy that the BAFs (either BAF total or BAF free ) in the 3 exposure groups (without nC 60 , 2 mg/L nC 60 , and 5 mg/L nC 60 ) decreased with increasing concentrations of Phe.…”
Section: Effects Of Nc 60 On the Bioaccumulation Of Phesupporting
The present study investigated the effects of aqueous fullerene suspensions (nC60 ) on the bioavailability and toxicity of phenanthrene (Phe) to junior carp (Cyprinus carpio). Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were calculated based on total as well as free concentrations of Phe. Equal BAF values were obtained with and without nC60 based on the total concentrations, whereas greater BAFs were found in the presence of nC60 when free Phe concentrations were applied. The results demonstrated that nC60 could act as a contaminant carrier to facilitate Phe bioaccumulation. The concentration-response relationship of induced hepatic 7-ethoxysorufin-O-deethylase activity was established in regard to the total and free concentrations of aqueous Phe solutions as well as the body residues. The concentration-response curves were reliant on the nC60 concentration when the total concentration of Phe was employed as a variable but were independent of nC60 presence when free concentration or body residue was employed as a variable, implying that the latter 2 parameters were more accurate in evaluating biological effects. Particles of C60 were mostly distributed in fish liver and intestines, which indicated the primary routine of uptake was through ingestion. Approximately 22% to 100% of the Phe-nC60 complex contributed to the bioaccumulation, whereas the complex did not contribute to the toxicity.
“…To investigate the effects of nC 60 on Phe bioaccumulation, both the total concentration-and free concentration-based BAF values were calculated, as shown in Figure 2. The BAFs are in the range of 5.24 Â 10 3 to 257.45 Â 10 3 (L/kg of lipid), the orders of magnitude of which are in accordance with a previous study [28] on Phe accumulation in fish. It was noteworthy that the BAFs (either BAF total or BAF free ) in the 3 exposure groups (without nC 60 , 2 mg/L nC 60 , and 5 mg/L nC 60 ) decreased with increasing concentrations of Phe.…”
Section: Effects Of Nc 60 On the Bioaccumulation Of Phesupporting
The present study investigated the effects of aqueous fullerene suspensions (nC60 ) on the bioavailability and toxicity of phenanthrene (Phe) to junior carp (Cyprinus carpio). Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were calculated based on total as well as free concentrations of Phe. Equal BAF values were obtained with and without nC60 based on the total concentrations, whereas greater BAFs were found in the presence of nC60 when free Phe concentrations were applied. The results demonstrated that nC60 could act as a contaminant carrier to facilitate Phe bioaccumulation. The concentration-response relationship of induced hepatic 7-ethoxysorufin-O-deethylase activity was established in regard to the total and free concentrations of aqueous Phe solutions as well as the body residues. The concentration-response curves were reliant on the nC60 concentration when the total concentration of Phe was employed as a variable but were independent of nC60 presence when free concentration or body residue was employed as a variable, implying that the latter 2 parameters were more accurate in evaluating biological effects. Particles of C60 were mostly distributed in fish liver and intestines, which indicated the primary routine of uptake was through ingestion. Approximately 22% to 100% of the Phe-nC60 complex contributed to the bioaccumulation, whereas the complex did not contribute to the toxicity.
“…It can be found that the mean values of the total concentration of PAHs observed in the present study were comparable to that from the Songhua River [23], the Yangtze River Delta [26], the Poyang Lake [28], Xiamen Coastal Area [30], and the Chaohu Lake [32], slightly lower than that from the Daliao River Estuary [22], the Songhua River basin [21], and the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River [25], but significantly lower than that from the Yangtze Estuary and coastal areas [29], the Liaohe River basin [21], the Taihu Lake [27], the Huaihe River basin [21], and the Weishan Lake [31]. Moreover, our results were significantly higher than that from the Baiyangdian Lake [24], the Fujiang River [23], the Pear River [33], the Dongjiang River [33], and the Pearl River Estuary [33,34]. Overall, PAH concentrations in surface water collected from Wuhai and Lingwu sections of the Yellow River were at moderate levels in China.…”
In this study, concentrations, sources, and ecological risk of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 41 surface water samples collected from Wuhai and Lingwu sections of the Yellow River were investigated. The results showed that total PAH concentrations varied from 27.5 ng/L to 234 ng/L and from 135 ng/L to 265 ng/L in surface water of Wuhai and Lingwu sections, respectively. Source identification was performed by using principal component and multiple linear regression analysis. PAHs in Wuhai section of the Yellow River were mainly from coal combustion (35%) and vehicle exhausts (34%). Ecological risk of PAHs to aquatic organisms was assessed by applying the probabilistic risk assessment method. The results showed that the probabilities of exceeding the chronic toxicity for 5% of the species were 28% and 32% for PAHs in surface water from Wuhai and Lingwu sections, respectively. It has been demonstrated that there is an urgent need for environmental managers to take measures to reduce the ecological risk of PAHs in the aquatic environment in both Wuhai and Lingwu sections of the Yellow River.
“…While it ranked at the second lowest one in the level of ∑PAHs among the investigated fish when expressed on a wet-weight basis. Lipid is an important factor affecting the bioaccumulation of PAHs in fish (Kong et al, 2005;Li et al, 2014). Xu et al (2011) also had reported a significant positive relationship between lipid content and PAH levels in the muscle tissues of freshwater fish.…”
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