In-situ measurement of twig dieback and regrowth in mature Acer saccharum trees

Hossain, Shaik Md. Yousuf; Caspersen, John P.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2012.01.020

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These results support our second hypothesis and are consistent with previous studies on mono-cultural plantations (Fish et al, 2006;Rudnicki et al, 2003). Slender stems can bend more easily than can thick stems, and crowns with slender stems are more likely to collide with adjacent crowns during wind (Moore & Maguire, 2005), resulting in wider W cs through mechanical abrasions (Franco, 1986;Hajek et al, 2015;Hossain & Caspersen, 2012;Putz et al, 1984). In the present study, W cs was not significantly correlated with tree height, partly because variations in tree height among canopy individuals were small in a given forest.…”

Section: Crown Shape and Crown Shyness Within Species (H2 And H3)supporting

confidence: 92%

“…In the past, suppression in lateral growth due to mutual shading between adjacent crowns was considered important for crown shyness (Koike, 1989;Mäkelä, 1997;Ng, 1977;Sorrensen-Cothern et al, 1993;Umeki, 1995a). Recent studies, however, proved that mechanical abrasion, rather than mutual shading, is the major process responsible for the formation of crown shyness (Hajek et al, 2015;Hossain & Caspersen, 2012;Long & Smith, 1992;Meng et al, 2006;Rudnicki et al, 2003). For example, Long and Smith (1992) installed artificial branches on the tree crowns and demonstrated that the branches were damaged by crown collision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wider crown shyness between broad‐leaved tree species than between coniferous tree species in a mixed forest of Castanopsis cuspidata and Chamaecyparis obtusa

Onoda

Bando

2021

Ecological Research

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Persistent openings (gaps) between adjacent crowns at similar heights can be found in tall forests. Such openings are called "crown shyness" and are formed through the collision of tree crowns during high winds. While crown shyness has been studied in plantations, much less studied in natural forests despite its importance for light acquisition, competition, and coexistence. In this study, we focused on a mixed forest in Japan, and examined a hypothesis that broadleaved tree species, which often have top-wide crowns, have wider crown shyness than coniferous tree species, which often have narrow cone-shape crowns, because top-wide crowns may be more exposed to wind and more likely to collide with their neighbors. Crown shyness, which was measured by drone imagery, was clearly found between individuals of the broad-leaved tree species Castanopsis cuspidata but not between the coniferous tree species Chamaecyparis obtusa. This interspecific difference may be associated with differences in crown shape; Castanopsis had wider (1.57-fold) and shallower (0.64-fold) crowns than Chamaecyparis. Within Castanopsis, the size of crown shyness tended to negatively correlated with stem diameter and positively correlated with stem slenderness. Our study showed that the difference in crown shape among species is one of the key factors in determining the size of crown shyness. Top-wide crowns of broad-leaved trees compared to conifers may have a competitive advantage in light interception, but it may come at the cost of crown collisions with adjacent crowns and resulting in persistent openings at the canopy layer.

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Section: Crown Shape and Crown Shyness Within Species (H2 And H3)supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wider crown shyness between broad‐leaved tree species than between coniferous tree species in a mixed forest of Castanopsis cuspidata and Chamaecyparis obtusa

Onoda

Bando

2021

Ecological Research

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“…HF is an actively managed, privately owned forest covering 23,800 ha with 80 percent forest cover (Figure 1). Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) is the dominant tree species, with Balsam Fir (Abies balsamea), eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), American Beech (Fagus grandifolia), and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) being co-dominant species (Hossain & Caspersen, 2012). The implementation of partial harvest silviculture systems for the past 40 years resulted in an unevenaged landscape in the HF (Arii et al, 2008;Mrosek et al, 2006).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of forest structural and compositional variables using ALS data and multi-seasonal satellite imagery

Shang

Treitz

Caspersen

et al. 2019

International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinfor

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“…Our measurements are likely conservative in detecting the existence and magnitude of age‐related crown thinning. First, by measuring only within the crown our measurements would not detect any pattern of reduced crown width in older or senescing trees, which has been detected in at least one study using repeat measurements (Hossain & Caspersen ). Similarly, our measurements omitted any large lacunae within sampled crowns, and so would likely not detect crown thinning in the form of losses of very large limbs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Age‐related Crown Thinning in Tropical Forest Trees

Quinn

Thomas

2015

Biotropica

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Gap dynamics theory proposes that treefall gaps provide high light levels needed for regeneration in the understory, and by increasing heterogeneity in the light environment allow light‐demanding tree species to persist in the community. Recent studies have demonstrated age‐related declines in leaf area index of individual temperate trees, highlighting a mechanism for gradual changes in the forest canopy that may also be an important, but less obvious, driver of forest dynamics. We assessed the prevalence of age‐related crown thinning among 12 tropical canopy tree species sampled in lowland forests in Panama and Puerto Rico (total N = 881). Canopy gap fraction of individual canopy tree crowns was positively related to stem diameter at 1.3 m (diameter at breast height) in a pooled analysis, with 10 of 12 species showing a positive trend. Considered individually, a positive correlation between stem diameter and canopy gap fraction was statistically significant in 4 of 12 species, all of which were large‐statured canopy to emergent species: Beilschmiedia pendula, Ceiba pentandra, Jacaranda copaia, and Prioria copaifera. Pooled analyses also showed a negative relationship between liana abundance and canopy gap fraction, suggesting that lianas could be partially obscuring age‐related crown thinning. We conclude that age‐related crown thinning occurs in tropical forests, and could thus influence patterns of tree regeneration and tropical forest community dynamics.

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In-situ measurement of twig dieback and regrowth in mature Acer saccharum trees

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Wider crown shyness between broad‐leaved tree species than between coniferous tree species in a mixed forest of Castanopsis cuspidata and Chamaecyparis obtusa

Wider crown shyness between broad‐leaved tree species than between coniferous tree species in a mixed forest of Castanopsis cuspidata and Chamaecyparis obtusa

Estimation of forest structural and compositional variables using ALS data and multi-seasonal satellite imagery

Age‐related Crown Thinning in Tropical Forest Trees

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