In-situ device integration of large-area patterned organic nanowire arrays for high-performance optical sensors

Abstract

Single-crystalline organic nanowires (NWs) are important building blocks for future low-cost and efficient nano-optoelectronic devices due to their extraordinary properties. However, it remains a critical challenge to achieve large-scale organic NW array assembly and device integration. Herein, we demonstrate a feasible one-step method for large-area patterned growth of cross-aligned single-crystalline organic NW arrays and their in-situ device integration for optical image sensors. The integrated image sensor circuitry contained a 10 × 10 pixel array in an area of 1.3 × 1.3 mm2, showing high spatial resolution, excellent stability and reproducibility. More importantly, 100% of the pixels successfully operated at a high response speed and relatively small pixel-to-pixel variation. The high yield and high spatial resolution of the operational pixels, along with the high integration level of the device, clearly demonstrate the great potential of the one-step organic NW array growth and device construction approach for large-scale optoelectronic device integration.

Precise Patterning of Organic Semiconductor Crystals for Integrated Device Applications

“…In addition, the flexibility of OSCCs can endow photodetection circuitries with unique functions that cannot be achieved by the rigid conventional Si circuitries. Jie and co‐workers first demonstrated the using of OSCC patterns as an active layer in photodetection circuitry through selectively depositing OSCC arrays on the prefabricated circuitry . Figure a shows the SEM image of the photodetection circuitry consisting of 10 × 10 pixel arrays in an area of 1.3 × 1.3 mm 2 .…”

“…c) The corresponding 2D intensity profile measured by mapping the pixel signals. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2013, Nature Publishing Group.…”

Controllable preparation of copper phthalocyanine single crystal nano column and its chlorine gas sensing properties

“…Moreover, lattice fringes from high resolution TEM (HRTEM) image (Figure 2b) and electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS) pattern (Figure 2c) reveal that the CuPc nano columns are α-phase single crystalline. The presence of lattice spacing of 1.295 nm indicates that the nano column has (010) planes, 6,14 while the growth orientation is determined to be [010]. According to these results, a representation of the crystal structure (inset in Figure 2c) can be drawn.…”

“…5 Jie et al developed simultaneous patterned growth and device integration of cross-aligned single-crystalline organic nanowire arrays for optical image sensors. 6 Copper phthalocyanine is a representatively appealing p-type organic semiconductor because of its thermal and chemical stability as well as its excellent electronic properties. 5,7 Nevertheless, most applications require good alignment nanostructures and good controllability to achieve in-situ device integration.…”

Heterogeneous Monolithic Integration of Single‐Crystal Organic Materials

“…These include (i) vapor‐grown ultrapure pentacene single crystal devices with field‐effect mobilities of 15–40 cm 2 V −1 s −1 ; (ii) vapor‐grown rubrene single crystal based OFETs with a mobility of 18 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , which utilized a chemically‐treated dielectric surface to reduce the charge trap density; (iii) a vacuum‐gap field‐effect transistor with a hole mobility of about 10 cm 2 V −1 s −1 by using platelet‐like, thin dinaphtho[2,3‐ b :2′,3′‐f]thieno[3,2‐ b ]thiophene (DNTT) single crystals grown by horizontal physical vapor transport in; and (iv) epitaxy‐grown, two‐dimensional C 8 ‐BTBT crystal‐based OFETs with a mobility of 10 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . Often, the vapor‐based growth process is combined with the template‐assisted approach to control the growth, alignment, and positioning of organic single crystals . Organic single crystals including pentacene, rubrene, tetracene, C 60 , F 16 CuPc, and tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), have been directly grown on octadecyltriethoxysilane (OTS)‐printed domains (Figure d) .…”